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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Humoral immunity,H1N1,Flu Vaccine,Hemagglutination Inhibition
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Pandemic flu had at least two waves in Iran. Knowing how many of the general population were already exposed to this infection has a major impact on na-tional preventive measures. As of December 30, 2009, a total of 3672 confirmed cases of human infection with a novel Influenza A (2009 H1N1) virus had been reported in Iran with 140 deaths.
Objective: In this study we aim to measure, as a pilot study, the seroprevalence of positive antibody titer (humoral immunity) against 2009 H1N1 virus in Iranian population in Shiraz, Southern Iran.
Methods: Through cluster random sam-pling of families residing in Shiraz, 2553 subjects were selected and after a medical in-terview blood samples were taken and checked for polyclonal antibody against 2009 H1N1 antigen using hemagglutination inhibition assay. An antibody titer of more than 1:40 dilution was considered positive. Data were analyzed considering the demographic characteristics of the population and were compared among different age groups.
Results: 1504 (58.91%) samples were tested positive for the presence of polyclonal an-tibody against 2009 H1N1 virus. The prevalence of positive titers were significantly higher in 60 to 64 years old group and significantly lower in 20 to 24 years old group (p<0.05). Data did not differ based on other demographic characteristics or the history of flu like illnesses in the past 6 months.
Conclusion: High seroprevalence of antibody against 2009 H1N1 in the sera of our subjects describes either a high level of pre-existing immunity against H1N1 in Iranian population or a high rate of asymptomatic infection in our area compared to other countries.- انتشار مقاله: 16-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Moghadami,Afagh Moattari,Hamid Reza Tabatabaee,Alireza Mirahmadizadeh,Abbas Rezaianzadeh,Jafar Hasanzadeh,Mostafa Ebrahimi,Nima Zamiri,Abdolvahab Alborzi,Kamran Bagheri Lankarani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of English for Academic Purposes
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: EAP,Needs Analysis,solutions,problems,Post-Admission Assessment,Oral Communication
- چکیده: دیدگاه اساتید دانشگاه ایرانی درمورد نیازهای مهارت گفتاری دانشجویان رشته زبان انگلیسی: مطالعه موردی بخش زبان انگلیسی دانشگاه شیراز
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study investigated the English-speaking needs of Iranian English-majoring undergraduate and graduate students from their instructors’ perspectives. To this end, four Iranian English instructors from Shiraz University participated in the study by taking part in an unstructured interview on their students’ speaking problems, the magnitude of the problem, and the probable causes and solutions to the problems. The results revealed that the participants believed that there is a problem with their students’ English-speaking ability at all levels of BA, MA and Ph.D. Despite the instructors’ conflicting ideas, the findings indicated that students at BA and MA levels have more serious speaking problems. The causes of these problems were reported to be insufficient focus on improving speaking skills, the inefficiency of the preceding education and lack of any gate-keeping or post-admission speaking assessment. The instructors were in favor of introducing the speaking skill in the post-admission assessment and the EAP programs to solve the problem.
- انتشار مقاله: 01-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Mozhgan Mahmoudikia,Alireza Ahmadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Persian Gulf,Genetic diversity,18s rDNA,Clone library,Mollusca
- چکیده: تنوع بالای نرم تنان باعث مشکلات عدیده ی تاکسونومی میگردد و جدای از اهمیت آنها در زیست بوم دریایی، روابط عمیق فیلوژنتیک آنها بندرت مورد بررسی قرار گرفته است. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین تنوع ژنتیکی و تفاوت های گونه های نرم تنان خلیج فارس در ایران می باشد. کتابخانه ی کلونی ژن RNA زیر واحد کوچک ریبوزومی (18S rDNA) در ژنوم هسته ای با استفاده از PCR ساخته شد و پس از بررسی و آزمایش، کلون های منتخب توالی یابی شدند. توالی های کلون تعیین شده بوسیله ی جستجوی مشابهت در پایگاه داده ی NCBI GenBank با استفاده از BLAST مورد آنالیز قرار گرفتند. همچنین از فاکتور FST برای اندازه گیری و درک اختلافات ژنتیکی مابین جمعیت های مورد مطالعه استفاده شد. در این مطالعه هفده توالی شناسایی گردید که به دو کلاس Bivalvia و Gastropoda تعلق داشتند و برای آنالیز فیلوژنتیکی مورد استفاده قرار گرفتند. براساس فراوانی های آللی در هر لوکوس، مقدار FST در نمونه های خلیج فارس در مقایسه با نمونه های NCBI معنی دار بود. این بدین معنی است که نرخ مهاجرت در دو منطقه ی مورد مطالعه در پایین ترین حد خود بود. براساس تست های ANOVA مقدار فاصله ی ژنتیکی بین دو ناحیه 60/0 بود که مقدار قابل ملاحظه ای است. این یافته ها نقش مهمی در مطالعات روابط بین جمعیت ها و ذخایر آبی داشته و بیانگر کاربرد مطالعات مولکولی بعنوان ابزاری موثر در شناسایی و تاکسونومی گونه های موجود در منابع طبیعی جهت دستیابی به داده های قابل اعتماد می باشد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Mollusca are one of the most diverse animal phyla whose phylogeny is considered as a controversial subject. Although some groups were traditionally classified as mollusca, they need to be identified again. High diversity of mollusca has created considerable taxonomic problems and despite their importance in marine biota, deep phylogenetic relationships of mollusca have scarcely been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine genetic diversity and differences between mollusca species in waters of Bandar Lengeh (Persian Gulf) of Iran. A clone library of the ribosomal small subunit RNA gene (18S rDNA) in the nuclear genome was constructed by PCR, and then, after examining the clones, selected clones were sequenced. The determined clone sequences were analyzed by a similarity search of the NCBI GenBank database using BLAST. Also, the fixation index (FST) factor was used in order to measure and understand the genetic differences between studied populations. In this study, seventeen sequences were identified belonging to two classes of Bivalvia and Gastropoda and they were used for phylogenetic analysis. According to the allele frequencies at each locus, FST value was significant in samples of Bandar Lengeh meaning that migration is in the lowest rate in the studied region. The present research project exhibited that clone library of 18S rDNA might be accounted as a beneficial tool to identify marine specimens and estimate the actual species diversity in marine environments. Moreover, these findings confirmed the effective role of molecular studies for the identification and taxonomy of speciesfrom the natural resources to obtain reliable data.
- انتشار مقاله: 21-12-1398
- نویسندگان: Raheem Haddad,Esmat Alemzadeh,Alireza Ahmadi,Mohammad Sediq Mortazavi,Maryam Moezzi,Effat Alemzadeh,Saeid Tamadoni Jahromi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of English for Academic Purposes
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: treatment,EFL Learners,Consciousness Raising,Autonomous Learning Activities,achievement test
- چکیده: این تحقیق بر آن است که با به کار گیری مطالعه تلفیقی، تأثیر آگاهی بخشی مستقیم فعالیتهای خودگردان را بر گروهی از دانشجویان بررسی نمایند. در ابتدای تحقیق چهار کلاس دست نخورده بر اساس دسترس پذیری انتخاب شدند که بر اساس گزینش تصادفی یکی از کلاس ها به عنوان گروه آزمایشی و سایر کلاس ها به عنوان گروههای شاهد انتخاب شده اند. گروههای آموزش گیرنده پس از میان ترم که به عنوان پیش آزمون عمل میکرد، به مدت ۱۰ جلسه تحت آموزش تعدادی از فعالیتهای یادگیری خود گردان خارج از کلاس درس قرار گرفتند. در پایان نیمسال تحصیلی و پس از آموزش فعالیتها هر چهار گروه در آزمون پایان ترم (پس آزمون) شرکت کردند. برای بررسی آنکه آیا تفاوت چشمگیری بین گروه ها پس از دوره آموزش فعالیت ها به وجود آمد یک آزمون t نمونه های مستقل انجام شد تا نتایج پس آزمون برای گروه های تحت آموزش مقایسه شود. همچنین یک تحلیل واریانس یک سویه به همراه آزمون تفاوت صادقانه قابل ملاحظه tukey HSD)) به عنوان سنجش پیگیری بعمل آمد تا تفاوتهای احتمالی بین گروه ها را پیدا کند. برای بررسی آن که آیا تفاوت قابل ملاحظه ای بین پیش آزمون و پس آزمون دانشجوها وجود دارد یک سری آزمونهای تی نمونه های برابر به طور جداگانه برای گروه آزمایشی و گروه کنترل ۱ به عمل آمد. سپس محققین مقایسه تحلیلی مربوط به گزینه های پرسشنامه را انجام دادند و آزمون همبستگی تمام دادههای به دست آمده از آزمونها و گزینه های پرسشنامه را انجام دادند. نتایج نشان داد که آموزش فعالیت ها در این محیط به طور چشمگیری منجر به نتایج بهتر آزمون شده است، جاییکه آمار مربع اتا میزان تاثیر زیادی را نشان داد. به علاوه اطلاعات به دست آمده از مصاحبه نیمه ساختارمند نتایج تحقیق را تایید کردند.
- چکیده انگلیسی: This study set out to examine the effect of explicit consciousness-raising of autonomous learning activities on a group of students’ General English achievement test scores following a mixed methods design. At the beginning of the study, four intact classes were selected based on their availability, of which one class was assigned to the experimental group and the others to the control groups, through random assignment. The treatment groups received a 10 session treatment on a number of autonomous learning activities to be done outside the classroom after the midterm exam which functioned as the pretest. At the end of the semester and after the treatment, all the four groups took the final exam (the posttest). An independent-samples t-test was conducted to compare the posttest scores for treatment and no-treatment groups, and one-way ANOVA was run followed by Tukey HSD as a follow-up measure to find out the probable differences between the groups. To check the probable significant differences between students’ pretest and posttest scores, a set of paired-samples t-tests was run separately for the experimental group and control group 1. Then, the researchers conducted descriptive analysis related to the questionnaire items and checked the correlation of all the data taken from the tests and the questionnaire items. The results indicated that the treatment significantly led to better test scores in this context, where the eta squared statistic indicated a large effect size. In addition, the semi-structured interview data confirmed the results.
- انتشار مقاله: 09-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Majid Maghami,Saeed Mehrpour,Alireza Ahmadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Alkaline phosphatase,Isoflavones,Menopausal symptoms,Soymilk,total antioxidant
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective The aim of this study was to determine the effect of revival soymilk consumption and moderate exercise on vasomotor symptoms, total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and alkaline phosphates activity in postmenopausal women. Materials and Methods In this study, daily for 3 months, 37 postmenopausal women (mean age = 52.2± 4.6 years) were randomly assigned to soymilk (n=15), exercise +soymilk (n=12) and control (n= 10). The daily soymilk consisted of Revival brand Maxsoy, which contained 12.5 g of soy protein with Genistein (13 mg) and Daidzein (4.13 mg). Menopausal symptoms were measured using the Kupperman index, a standard measure of climacteric symptoms that has been validated in menopausal women at baseline and 3 months of daily consumption of soymilk. Total antioxidant status (TAS)of serum was measured using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) assay. Total alkaline phosphatase (TALP) was assayed calorimetrically with Hitachi 902 autoanalyzer assay. Results Soymilk supplementation, soymilk and moderate exercise significantly (p<0.05) improved TAC level and TALP activity. Vasomotor symptoms were improved (p < 0.05) in the soymilk consumption plus moderate exercise and soymilk groups as compared with the control group. The data showed a decrease in menopausal symptoms p<0 .05, paired t test, two-tailed, between the baseline and soymilkgroups, and p < 0.05, ANOVA test, between the control andtwo groups. Vaginal problem, sexual symptoms and vasomotor significantly changed (p<0.05) after soymilk consumption. Conclusion These data may suggest that consumption of soymilk for 3 months enhances antioxidant and TALP status and reduces menopausal symptoms in postmenopausal women.
- انتشار مقاله: 19-07-1394
- نویسندگان: Paricher Hanachi,Shokofeh Golkho,Alireza Ahmadi,Fatemeh Barantalab
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Polymorphism,Native fowl,pepck-c gene,prolactin gene,egg production
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The objective of the present study was to investigate the polymorphism of prolactin promoter and cytosolic
phosphoenol pyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK-C) intron 3 to exon 3 regions, and its association with economic
traits in native fowl of Yazd province. These traits consisted of body weight at 8 (BW8) and 12 (BW12) weeks of age, age at sexual maturity (ASM), weight at sexual maturity (WSM), mean egg weight at
28, 30, and 32 weeks (MEW), and the number of eggs during the first 12 weeks of laying period (EN). Blood
samples were collected from 159 pedigreed fowl at native fowl breeding center of Yazd province, and DNA
was extracted from the samples according to saltingout protocol. PCR amplification together with restriction
fragment length polymorphism was used to identify different genotypes of prolactin and PEPCK-C
genes. The effect of prolactin genotypes on economic traits was analyzed using general linear model. A 24-
bp indel (insertion or deletion) at nucleotide position (np) 358 was identified, but no polymorphism was
found for PEPCK-C. Based on our results, the frequency of I and D alleles were 0.761 and 0.239,
respectively. Frequencies of II, ID and DD genotypes were 0.566, 0.389 and 0.044, respectively. Genotypes
II and ID were significantly associated with incresased EN (P<0.01). Meanwhile, the genotypes of the 24-bp
indel site were not significantly associated with BW8, BW12, ASM, WSM and MEW (P> 0.05). The results of
current study showed that using information of genes related to egg production could be used to improve the
performance of native fowl of Yazd province.- انتشار مقاله: 10-04-1389
- نویسندگان: Hakimeh Emamgholi Begli,Saeed Zerehdaran,Saeed Hassani,Mokhtar Ali Abbasi,Alireza Khan Ahmadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Biotechnology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: RAPD markers,Genetic variability,Native fowl
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A study was undertaken to evaluate the genetic variation in the 10th generation of a breeder flock of native breed selected for high egg and meat production in native fowls breeding station, Mazandaran, Iran. Venous blood samples were collected from 100 birds of both sexes. The RAPD-PCR technique was applied to generate a DNA fingerprint of individuals. Initially, a total of 20 ten-nucleotide arbitrary primers were used but 14 of 20 primers revealed a pattern with scorable amplified bands. From a total number of 140 scored bands 63 (45%) and 77 (55%) were described as polymorphic and monophormic respectively. The average number of bands per primer varied from 4 to 16 and with sizes varying from 200 to 2100 bp in length. The estimated band sharing frequency varied from 0.79 to 0.96 between individuals. The average genetic similarity and genetic variance between individuals within the population were 0.89 and 0.11, respectively. The existence of high levels of polymorphism after 10th generation of selection may indicate the accuracy of used the selection program and also the large enough effective population size in this breeding flock. It could be concluded
that RAPD markers are effective in detecting genetic similarities and genetic variances among individuals in poultry breeder flocks.- انتشار مقاله: 09-07-1384
- نویسندگان: Godrat Rahimi,Alireza Khanahmadi,Ardeshir Nejati-Javaremi,Saeid Smailkhanian
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Information, Security and Systems Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Shannon Entropy,Balanced Score card (BSC),Enterprise resource planning (ERP),Three parameter interval grey numbers,Grey ELECTRE
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: This paper applies a new multi attribute decision-making (MADM) model to help companies for enterprise resource planning (ERP) selection problem based on Balanced Score Card method. This paper uses three-parameter interval grey numbers which is derived from Grey theory (was proposed by J. Deng). This numbers is used instead of linguistic variables. Beside, a new weighting method that outcomes from combination of SMARTER and Shannon Entropy methods and also a new ranking method (Grey ELECTRE method) that is generalization of ELECTRE I for three parameter interval grey numbers are used in this paper. Finally an industrial case study for ERP selection is discussed
- انتشار مقاله: 26-06-1391
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hassan Kamfiroozi,Alireza Aliahmadi,Meisam Jafari Eskandari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Smart Electrical Engineering
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: power losses,Deregulation,Power market,Ancillary services,reactive power
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In this paper, a new structure for reactive power market is presented. Considering reactive power losses caused by active power flow in the reactive power market is the main purpose of this paper. Hence, this study tries to improve reactive power market and create fair competition in reactive power generation.
- انتشار مقاله: 30-10-1395
- نویسندگان: Alireza Ahmadimanesh,Mohsen Kalantar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Foreign Language Teaching & Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iranian EFL Learners,Writing competence,academic writing tasks,independent writing task,integrated writing task
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Researchers and scholars have been attracted by the idea of using integrated writing task along with independent writing task to best assess the EFL learners’ writing competence. This study was conducted to compare the writing performance of EFL students in integrated and independent writing tasks. It also aimed to find out if writing performance varies with task types. A number of thirty Iranian EFL students participated in this study, and each student wrote on two writing tasks of IELTS Academic module. The written essays were rated by three experienced raters using IELTS rubrics. Paired sample t-tests revealed that test takers performances did not differ significantly across these two tasks. Besides, two one-way ANOVAs indicated the difference between the raters in rating integrated writing task while they were not performed differently in rating independent task. The results are followed by a number of suggestions with the aim of improving the EFL students’ performance in writing skill.
- انتشار مقاله: 19-03-1397
- نویسندگان: Rahil Sheibani,Alireza Ahmadi
- مشاهده