در هنگام جستجو کلمه در قسمت عنوان میتوانید کلمات مورد جستجو را با کاراکتر (-) جدا کنید.
کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Current Medical Mycology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Aspergillus species,Candida species,Lamisil,Otomycosis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Purpose: Otomycosis is an acute, subacute or chronic fungal infection of the pinna, the external auditory meatus and the ear canal caused mainly by several species of saprophytic fungi. Lamisil (Terbinafine) is an allylamine antifungal agent, that is used both in the topical and oral administration for the treatment of dermatophytosis, cutaneous candidiasis, and the pityriasis versicolor. We investigated the in vitro activity of clotrimazole, miconazole, nystatin, and Lamisil against the agents of otomycosis. Materials and Methods: Fifteen clinically obtained isolates from otomycosis (Aspergillus species; n=13, and Candida species, n=2) and 8 environmental isolates of Aspergillus were tested. The disk diffusion method was employed to detect susceptibility. In the present study, the in vitro activity of the terbinafine with clotrimazole, miconazole, and nystatin against several isolates of Aspergillus and Candida with different sources were compared.
Results: Out of 23 isolates of Aspergillus, Candida 4(17.4%) and 1(4.4%) were resistant to nystatin and miconazole, respectively. In addition, all tested organisms were sensitive to clotrimazole and terbinafine. Statistical analysis has shown that there are no significant differences on the effects of clotrimazole, miconazole and, terbinafine on saprophytic (environmental) and pathogenic isolates of A. niger, A. flavus, and A. terreus (P value= 0.85). In addition, all tested organisms were found to be highly susceptible to terbinafine (p < 0.04). Conclusion: This is a new approach for the possible use of Lamisil for the treatment of otomycosis.- انتشار مقاله: 18-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Ali Zarei Mahmoudabadi,Zahra Seifi,Maral Gharaghani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Scaffolded Feedback,Speaking Anxiety,Speaking Self-efficacy,Un-scaffolded Feedback
- چکیده: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی تاثیر بازخورد داربستی و غیر داربستی در گفتار هراسی و خودکارآمدی در گفتار فراگیران انگلیسی بعنوان زبان خارجی انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان در پژوهش تعداد 90 زبان آموز سطح متوسط در موسسه سفیر تهران بودند که با توجه به عملکردشان در آزمون استاندارد PET از میان 120 شرکت کننده در این آزمون برگزیده شدند. شرکت کنندگان به سه گروه (دو گروه آزمایش ویک گروه کنترل) تقسیم شدند. نخست، پرسشنامه های گفتار هراسی و خود کارآمدی در گفتار به عنوان پیش آزمون در اختیار همه شرکت کنندگان قرار گرفت. سپس، به هر سه گروه ده جلسه آموزش (با بازخورد داربستی و غیر داربستی) ارائه شد. در پایان دوره آموزش، هر دو پرسشنامه بار دیگر بصورت پس آزمون به هر سه گروه داده شد. داده های به دست آمده با بکارگیری فرایند آماری تحلیل کوواریانس ANCOVA مورد پردازش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که بازخورد داربستی می تواند گفتار هراسی را کاهش و خودکارآمدی در گفتار را افزایش دهد. گروهی که بازخورد غیرداربستی دریافت کردند در جایگاه دوم قرار گرفتند و از گروه کنترل عملکرد بهتری داشتند. این یافته ها می تواند برای پژوهشگران کاربرد های نظری و برای معلمان و فراگیران زبان کاربردهای عملی داشته باشد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: ُSpeaking in a foreign language has always been, and still is, one of the most anxiety inducing activities. This speaking anxiety may be both the result or the cause of low self-efficacy in speaking. Finding ways of improving the speaking self-efficacy and reducing speaking anxiety has long been a concern among teaching practitioners. The present study was an attempt to investigate the comparative effects of scaffolded and un-scaffolded feedback on EFL learners’ speaking anxiety and self-efficacy. The participants were 90 intermediate male EFL learners at Safir Language Institute in Tehran who were selected out of a total number of 120 participants who took a standard PET test. The participants were divided into two experimental groups and one control group. They were given questionnaires of speaking anxiety and speaking self-efficacy as pretests followed by 10 sessions of treatment using scaffolded feedback, un-scaffolded feedback and no feedback. Then, they filled out the same questionnaires as posttests. The collected data were analyzed using the one-way ANCOVA procedure. It was observed that scaffolded feedback could reduce the amount of speaking anxiety, while increasing speaking self-efficacy. This was followed by un-scaffolded feedback, which was presented through recast. These findings have theoretical implications for researchers and theoreticians as well as pedagogical implications for language teachers and learners.
- انتشار مقاله: 08-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Abbas Ali Zarei,Hossein Rezadoust
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cooperative learning,Ellipses,Heads,ُSpoken grammar,Tails
- چکیده: پژوهش کنونی با هدف بررسی تاثیر شیوه های ارایه آشکار و وظیفه محور در محیط های رقابتی و گروهی بر یادگیری ویژگیهای دستور گفتاری (سر، دم، و حذف) توسط فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی انجام شد. به این منظور تعداد 90 زبان آموز دختر در سطح توانش زبانی پیش متوسط در موسسه آموزش زبان گویا در تهران در چهار گروه بر اساس قابلیت دسترسی برگزیده و هر یک از گروهها بر اساس یکی از شیوه های یاد شده و در یکی از محیط های یاد شده آموزش دیدند. پیش آز آغاز آموزش، با بکار گیری یک پیش آزمون، سطح آگاهی زبان آموزان از ویژگی های دستور گفتاری سنجیده شد. پس از یک دوره آموزشی ده جلسه ای، یک پس آزمون برگزار شد. داده های به دست آمده با فرایند انکووا دوطرفه پردازش شد. نتیجه نشان داد شیوه های رقابتی و گروهی اثر مشابهی در یادگیری ویژگی های دستور گفتاری دارند. ولی بین شیوه ارائه (آشکار و وظیفه محو) و محیط آموزش (رقابتی و گروهی) اثر متقابل معنی داری وجود دارد. این یافته ها می تواند علاوه بر کاربرد های نظری برای پژوهشگران، در آموزش ویژگی های دستور گفتاری برای زبان آموزان و مدرسان زبان نیز کاربرد های عملی داشته باشد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: One of the relatively neglected aspects of today's English language pedagogy is the differences between written and spoken grammar. Many language learners often find that what they have learnt in their grammar classes is either irrelevant or (sometimes) even contrary to what they need to use the target language for oral communicative purposes. To fill part of the existing gap in the literature on this issue, This study was carried out. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of competitive and cooperative explicit and task-based instruction of spoken grammar features of heads, tails and ellipses on Iranian EFL learners’ awareness of these features. To this end, 90 female pre-intermediate EFL learners of Ghana Language Institute in Tehran were selected through convenience sampling. The participants were randomly assigned to four experimental groups, receiving explicit and task-based instructions in competitive and cooperative contexts. Prior to the treatment, a pretest was given to check the participants’ level of awareness of the spoken grammar features. After a 10-session instruction, a posttest was administered. The collected data were processed using the two-way ANCOVA procedure. The results indicated that competitive and cooperative contexts were equally effective on raising learners’ awareness of spoken grammar features. Moreover, there was a statistically significant interaction effect between type of instruction and the context of instruction. These findings may have important theoretical and pedagogical implications.
- انتشار مقاله: 26-06-1398
- نویسندگان: Abbas Ali Zarei,Mina Rahgozar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: concept mapping,brainstorming,lexical accuracy,grammatical accuracy,writing anxiety
- چکیده: نوشتار استدلالی نوعی از نوشتار است که در آن نویسنده توان خود را برای متقاعد کردن خواننده بکار می گیرد. بسیاری از زبان آموزان در هنگام نوشتن به این سبک با مشکلات متنوع روبرو می شوند و عمدتا هم راه بر طرف کردن چنین مشکلاتی را نمی دانند. پژوهش کنونی با هدف بررسی تاثیر راه کارهای نقشه مفهومی و ذهن کاوی بر دقت واژگانی و دستوری نوشتار استدلالی و نگارش هراسی زبان آموزان ایرانی انجام شد. به این منظور، تعداد 90 زبان آموز (خانم و آقا) در بازه سنی 17 تا 35 سال در زبانکده ملی ایران در تهران از طریق گزینش خوشه ای و بر اساس دسترسی انتخاب و به سه گروه تقسیم شدند. برای همگن سازی زبان آموزان، از آزمون نهایی کتاب Passages 1 بهره گرفته شده. پیش از شروع آزمایش، به هر سه گروه یک آزمون نگارش و نیز یک پرسشنامه نگارش هراسی (SLWAI) به عنوان پیش آزمون داده شد. سپس، هر یک از سه گروه به مدت 15 جلسه و بصورت تصادفی به یکی از سه روش نقشه مفهومی، ذهن کاوی و سنتی مورد آموزش قرار گرفت. پس از دوره ی آموزش، پس آزمون نگارش و پرسشنامه نگارش هراسی به هر سه گروه داده شد. داده های به دست آمده با بهره گیری از فرایند انکووا یک سویه مورد پردازش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که گروههای آزمایشی از هر نظر عملکردی بهتر از گروه کنترل داشتند. همچنین، به لحاظ دقت واژگانی، عملکرد دو گروه آزمایشی تفریبا برابر بود ولی به لحاظ دقت دستوری و کاهش نگارش هراسی، عملکرد گروه نقشه مفهومی از گروه ذهن کاوی هم بهتر بود. این یافته ها می تواند برای زبان آموزان، آموزگاران، تهیه کنندگان مطالب درسی برای آموزش زبان و نیز ارزیابی کنندگان نگارش در زبان انگلیسی کاربری داشته باشد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Persuasive/argumentative essays show how much a writer can implement his/her power to convince the reader in favor of his desired intention. However, many writers might encounter different types of challenges during the task of writing and wonder how to overcome them. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of concept mapping and brainstorming on the lexical and grammatical accuracy and writing anxiety of Iranian EFL learners’ argumentative essays. In doing so, ninety male and female students ranging from 17 to 35 in Iran National Language Institution (INLI) in Tehran were selected through cluster sampling based on convenience. An essay writing test and the second language writing anxiety inventory (SLWAI) were used both as pre- and post-test. The students were randomly assigned to three equal groups to experience different treatments in a 15-session semester. For data analysis, three separate one-way ANCOVA procedures were used. The results showed that both experimental groups did better than the control group. In lexical accuracy, the two experimental groups had almost the same mean scores, but in grammatical accuracy and writing anxiety, the concept mapping group obtained the highest mean followed by the brainstorming group. The findings of the study can have useful implications for teachers, students, material designers, and language assessors.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-02-1398
- نویسندگان: Abbas Ali Zarei,Behnam Feizollahi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Reading Comprehension,self-regulated learning strategies
- چکیده: پژوهش کنونی با هدف بررسی ربطه بین استراتژی های یادگیری خود تنظیم و درک مطلب فراگیران ایرانی زبان انگلیسی انجام شد. شرکت کنندگان در این پژوهش تعداد119 دانشجوی زبان انگلیسی در مقاطع کارشناسی و کارشناسی ارشد در دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی قزوین و دانشگاه آزاد واحد اسلامشهربودند. برای تعیین توانش زبانی فراگیران و نیز توان درک مطلب آنان، از آزمون توانش میشیگان استفاده شد. سپس از شرکت کنندگان در پژوهش خواسته شد به پرشسنامه استراتژی های یادگیری خود تنظیم پاسخ دهند. داده های بدست آمده با استفاده از فرایند رگراسون چندگانه مرحله ای مورد پردازش قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد از میان شش بخش استراتژی های یادگیری خود تنظیم، فقط بخش های برنامه ریزی و تلاش بطور معنی داری توان درک مطب را پیش بینی می کردند. یافته های این پژوهش می تواند برای فراگیران، آموزگاران و نیز نگارندگان مطالب درسی کاربرد داشته باشد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study was conducted to investigate the relationship between self-regulated learning strategies and reading comprehension of Iranian EFL learners. The participants of the study were 119 Iranian B.A. and M.A. students majoring in English at Imam Khomeini International University in Qazvin and Islamshahr Azad University. The Michigan Test of English Language Proficiency was given to the participants to determine their language proficiency and reading comprehension. Then, the participants were asked to respond to the Self-Regulation Trait Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using a stepwise multiple regression analysis. The results revealed that from among the six components of self-regulated learning strategies, only planning and effort components were significant predictors of reading comprehension. The results of the present study may be helpful for teachers, learners, and materials developers.
- انتشار مقاله: 04-02-1396
- نویسندگان: Abbas Ali Zarei,Rajab Esfandiari,Azam Akbari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Liver,diabetes,Cholesterol,Berberis vulgaris,Thyroid,Barberry
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Many herbaceous plants contain compounds that have biological effects in addition to their medicinal properties. They have compounds with numerous properties, including hypo lipidemic, hypoglycemic, antioxidant, and hepato protective ones, which have been analyzed at different levels. One of these plants, with the scientific name of Berberis vulgaris, is barberry. The most important compounds identified in this plant are berberine, oxycontin, palmatine, bervulcine, berbamine, columbamine, jatrorrhizine, coptisine, and berbamine. In addition to alkaloids, organic acids such as chelidonic acid, citric acid, malic acid, resin, tannin, pectinic, and mucilagic substances are among the ingredients of barberry.
In this paper, it was attempted to determine the role and effect of the extract of barberry on various body organs. The results showed that berberine actually increases insulin sensitivity and is capable of inhibiting alpha glucosidase, adipogenesis, and thus acts as an anti-obesity and hypoglycemic agent. Berberine reduces the density of serum cholesterol and triglycerides and can improve the function of liver enzymes, therefore, it can be suggested as a hypo lipidemic and hepato protective plant extract. The hepato protective effects of this extract are probably due to its antioxidant properties.
Studies showed that barberry have numerous health benefits, including anti-inflammatory ones. Moreover, it can be used as a medicinal herb to treat a variety of disorders, such as diabetes, liver disease, gallbladder pain, digestive, urinary tract diseases, and gallstones. However, more studies on this issue and doing more focused and intensive researches in this field are recommended.- انتشار مقاله: 14-06-1393
- نویسندگان: Ali Zarei,Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani,Soheila Taheri,Majid Ramezani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Liver,diabetes,Kidney,Streptozotocin,glibenclamide,Salvia hydrangea
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objectives: A wide range of liver and kidney disorders are associated with diabetes and there is a mutual relationship between diabetes and these diseases. Herbal medicine with having abundant ingredients is one of these options. The goal of this study was to compare the effects of alcoholic extract of aerial parts of Salvia hydrangea with glibenclamide on functional tests of liver and kidney in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin.
Materials and Methods: In this study, 35 male Wistar rats were divided into five groups (n= 7 in each group): control, diabetic control, and three experimental diabetic groups. The controls had normal access to water and food, the diabetic control group was given drug solvent and the three experimental groups received ethanol extract of Salvia hydrangea at doses of 100 and 200 mg and glibenclamideat a dose of 10 mg/kg/BW by gavage, respectively. To induce diabetes, a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg/BW) was injected to rats intraperitoneally. Blood samples were collected at day 21 from all groups and the related blood factors were measured and analyzed.
Results: The results showed that the levels of creatinine, urea, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and fasting blood sugar (FBS) in all diabetic groups increased compared to the control group. In all experimental groups and the group which received glibenclamide,a significant decrease was shown compared to the diabetic group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The consumption of alcoholic extract of aerial parts of Salvia hydrangea may have beneficial effects on the reduction of diabetic complications by lowering blood sugar without any adverse effects on the kidney and liver tissue.- انتشار مقاله: 21-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Ali Zarei,Gholamhassan Vaezi,Ali Akbar Malekirad,Mohammad Abdollahi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Melissa officinalis,Atorvastatin,Liver Enzyme,Hypercholesterolemia
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objectives: Liver is one of the most sensitive tissues to oxidant damage. Hence, the present study was conducted to compare the effects of Melissa officinalis (MO) extract and Atorvastatin on the activity of liver enzymes in rats.
Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 60 male Wistar rats were selected and allocated to six groups (n=10). The control group received a normal diet, sham group received a fatty diet while other groups received a fatty diet and the alcoholic extract ofMO, at minimum (25 mg/kg), moderate (50 mg/kg), and maximum (75 mg/kg) doses (i.p.). The last group received Atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) through gavage with a fatty diet over a 21-day period. At the end of this 21-day period, blood samples were drawn and the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), activity of liver enzymes as well as cholesterol in the samples were measured.
Results: The obtained results showed that the activity of liver enzymes in the treatment groups receiving MO extract and the group receiving Atorvastatin decreased significantly. MOextract reduced the level of liver enzymes.
Conclusion: Therefore, further studies for obtaining a better understanding of the mechanism of effect of MO for treating liver diseases are recommended.- انتشار مقاله: 23-11-1391
- نویسندگان: Ali Zarei,Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani,Soheila Taheri,Fateme Rasekh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Thioacetamide,Phenolic compounds,Artemisia,Hepato-protective
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: Liver is an important organ that is exposed to many oxidant and carcinogenic agents, thus antioxidant compounds are beneficial for liver health. Artemisia contains flavonoid compounds and anti-diabetic, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. Due to possessing terpene and sesquiterpene compounds, this plant has antioxidant properties. This study was done to investigate the effects of Artemisia plant extract on thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity in Wistar rats.
Materials and Methods: For induction of hepatotoxicity, 50 mg/kg thioacetamide was injected intraperitoneally (i.p).After extraction and purification, the hydroalcoholicextract was injected i.p. at 100, 200, and 300 mg/kg doses for 21 days together with thioacetamide at 50 mg/kg dose in the last 3 days. After blood sampling and separation of serum, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), albumin, and total protein concentrations were measured.
Results: Significant decreases in aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase activities and significant increases in the concentration of albumin and total protein in groups treated with the extract compared with thioacetamide-treated group were observed (p<0.05).
Conclusion: The results indicate that protective effects of Artemisia extract against the thioacetamide-induced hepatotoxicity may be due to its ability to block the bioactivation of thioacetamide, primarily by inhibiting the activity of Cyp450 and free radicals. Artemisia possesses quercetin. Studies have demonstrated that quercetin inhibits lipid peroxidation and as an antioxidant can inhibit lipid peroxidation.- انتشار مقاله: 23-11-1391
- نویسندگان: Azam Rezaei,Shahnaz ShekarForoush,Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani,Hydar Aqababa,Ali Zarei,Maryam Azizi,Hasan Yarmahmodi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Avicenna Journal of Phytomedicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Rat,Atorvastatin,Berberis vulgaris,Alanine transaminase,Alkaline phosphatase,Aspartate transaminase,Liver Enzyme
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objectives: Hyperlipidemia can cause a variety of diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and fatty liver which is followed by increased liver enzymes. Since Berberis vulgaris (B. vulgaris) root possesses antioxidant properties, the present study was conducted to investigate the effect ofits extract on the activity of liver enzymes in rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, sixty Wistar rats were selected and allocated to six groups of ten each. The control group received a normal diet and the sham group received a fatty diet while the other groups including experimental groups received a fatty diet and the alcoholic extract of B. vulgaris at minimum (75 mg/kg), moderate (150 mg/kg), and maximum (300 mg/kg) doses by intraperitoneal injection (i.p.) or oral atorvastatin (10 mg /kg) with a fatty diet. At the end of this 21-day period, blood samples were drawn and the levels of the intended factors were measured. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5. Results: The comparison of the obtained results showed that the levels of alanine transaminase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzymes in the sham group that only received fatty food increased (p≤0.05), whereas in the treatment groups receiving B. vulgaris extract as well as in the group receiving Atorvastatin, these enzymes significantly decreased; however, no significant changes were observed in aspartate transaminase (AST) levels. Conclusion: Noticing the antioxidant properties of B. vulgaris root extract and its effects on reducing the activity of liver enzymes, the extract of this plant can be a good choice for improving the function of liver.
- انتشار مقاله: 19-01-1391
- نویسندگان: Soheila Taheri,Ali Zarei,Saeed Changizi Ashtiyani,Azam Rezaei,Saeed Zaheiri
- مشاهده