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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Nursing and Midwifery Studies
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: nursing,Education,Instrumentation,Baccalaureate,Reference Standards
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs) are one of the most common types of exams used in evaluation of students in any educational setting. The question items making up these exams need to be examined if they are to meaningfully contribute to the student scores. Such characteristics are amenable to examination by item analysis. Objectives The purpose of this research was to examine the quality of MCQs used in Nursing and Midwifery Faculty and to compare the results with the other faculties in Kashan University of Medical Science in the academic year 2008-2009. Materials and Methods In this cross-sectional study, 101 multiple-choice exams were randomly chosen for the study, and 37 exams were selected from the faculty of nursing and midwifery. The difficulty, discrimination indices and Cronbach’s Alpha were calculated for every exam and then mean values for each index were calculated by LERTAL 5.0 software purchased from Assessment Systems Corporation of the United States. Results A total of 7062 MCQs in the university and 1793 items in the faculty of nursing and midwifery presented to the students by different instructors were analyzed. The average of difficulty index of the faculty of nursing was 0.5. The discrimination index was 0.36, and the average of Alpha-Cronbach was 0.82 in the faculty of nursing. All the values were significantly better in the faculty of nursing and midwifery compared to the rest of the university. Conclusions The difficulty index, the discrimination index and the Alpha-Cronbach values in the faculty of nursing were within the acceptable range recommended by experts in the field of educational measurement. However, some of the tests had values less than the recommended.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Mansour Sayyah,Zarichehr Vakili,Negin Masoudi Alavi,Manzardokht Bigdeli,Alireza Soleymani,Mohammad Assarian,Zohreh Azarbad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Medicinal plants and By-product
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Medicinal plant,morphology,altitude,Achillea aucheri,essential oil content
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Yarrow (Achillea spp.) belonging to the family of Asteraceae with useful properties, such as anti-diaphoretic, anti-hemorrhagic, anti-inflammation, anti-biotic, anti-fungal, anti-bacterial, Carminative and anti-oxidant effects. The present investigation assessed the morphological diversity of Achillea aucheri, which is indigenous plant from Damavand mountain of Iran. The samples were collected from five heights of Damavand and the morphological traits were studied. For estimating the percentage of essential oil, aerial parts were collected and oil was isolated by hydro distillation using Clevenger-type apparatus. The results of present study demonstrated that the highest plant height, internodes, biomass and number of leaves per node obtained at lowest altitude (3900 meters from sea level). In addition, fresh weight and dry weight of plant had the highest amount in altitude of 3900 meter from sea level. But essential oil content increased from low altitude to high altitude from 0.681% to 0.954%. Also high altitude had high significantly differences on the essential oil content. It revealed that plants in lower altitudes produce more biomass than higher altitudes, but essential oil content of plants was more in higher altitudes. It seems that a part of photosynthetic energy of plants in higher altitudes expend to produce secondary metabolites especially essential oils to overcome stress and survival in inappropriate conditions.
- انتشار مقاله: 20-02-1393
- نویسندگان: Abohassan Farhang Sardrodi,Azizollah Kheyri,Ali Soleymani,Ramin Zibaseresht
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Dental Materials and Techniques
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Dental caries,Knowledge,Practice,iron deficiency,Dental staining
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Aims: Iron supplementation in children under 5 years of age is recommended on the basis of anaemia prevention. This study aims to assess the mother’s knowledge and practice towards the effects of iron supplementation on dental caries and staining in children aged 6 months to 2 years in Yazd, Iran. Methods: A randomized cross-sectional study was conducted on 403 mothers of children (aged 6 months to 2 years) who referred to healthcare centers in Yazd during 2011. The mothers' knowledge and practice levels were assessed using a questionnaire, and the results were categorized into sufficient or insufficient. The Chi-square test was used to analyze the data. Results: According to the results, 241 (59.8%), and 273 (67.7%) mothers obtained sufficient levels of knowledge, and practice, respectively. Moreover, mothers’ educational levels had a statistically significant relationship with their knowledge regarding iron supplementation (P<0.001). Additionally, the mother’s practice toward iron supplementation correlated significantly with mothers’ educational level (P<0.001) and occupational status (P=0.018), as well as the birth order of the child (P<0.001). Conclusion: More than half of the mothers had sufficient knowledge and practice towards the effects of iron supplementation on dental caries and staining
- انتشار مقاله: 07-08-1398
- نویسندگان: Iman Parisay,Sara Arastoo,Aliasghar Soleymani,Alaleh Toloee,Mahsa Ahmadi Shadmehri
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Neonatology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Anemia,Meta-Analysis,Iron-Deficiency,Asia,Febrile seizure
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Current findings suggest that iron deficiency anemia (IDA) may be a predisposing factor for febrile seizure (FS), while some studies show the lower prevalence of IDA in the children with FS.The present systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to elucidate the association between IDA and FS.
Methods: A comprehensive search was performed using MeSH keywords in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Google Scholar without time limit until 2017. Cochrane test and I2 index were used for the evaluation of heterogeneity among the retrieved studies. Data analysis was performed in Comprehensive Meta-Analysis (CMA) software version 2.
Results: In total, 38 studies conducted on 3,738 cases and 3,720 controls were reviewed in this meta-analysis. Considering the significant heterogeneity (I2=87.981; P<0.001), the odds ratio (OR) was combined using the random effects model. The pooled results indicated that IDA significantly increased the risk of FS (OR=2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.72-3.24; P<0.0001). Meta-analysis was performed based on the simple febrile convulsion (FC) and first febrile convulsion (FFC), and OR was estimated at 2.98 (95% CI: 1.67-5.31; P<0.001) and 2.23 (95% CI: 1.33-3.73; P<0.001), respectively. In the subgroup analysis of the studies conducted in Iran, India, and Pakistan, OR was determined at 1.06 (95% CI: 0.71-1.58), 4.21 (95% CI: 2.97-5.97), and 2.22 (95% CI: 1.70-2.90), respectively, which revealed significant differences in this regard (P<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results, IDA is a predisposing factor for FC. Therefore, children with FS must be examined for the risk of IDA- انتشار مقاله: 23-12-1396
- نویسندگان: Parviz Karimi,Gholamreza Badfar,Ali Soleymani,Ali Khorshidi,Zeinab Tardeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Medical Physics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Monte Carlo,Brachytherapy,MCNP4
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction
After the publication of Task Group number 43 dose calculation formalism by the American Association of Physicists in Medicine (AAPM), this method has been known as the most common dose calculation method in brachytherapy treatment planning. In this formalism, the water phantom is introduced as the reference dosimetry phantom, while the attenuation coefficient of the sources in the water phantom is different from that of different tissues. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of the phantom materials on the TG-43 dosimetery parameters of the Cs-137 brachytherapy source using MCNP4C Monte Carlo code.
Materials and Methods
In this research, the Cs-137 (Model Selectron) brachytherapy source was simulated in different phantoms (bone, soft tissue, muscle, fat, and the inhomogeneous phantoms of water/bone) of volume 27000 cm3 using MCNP4C Monte Carlo code. *F8 tally was used to obtain the dose in a fine cubical lattice. Then the TG-43 dosimetry parameters of the brachytherapy source were obtained in water phantom and compared with those of different phantoms.
Results
The percentage difference between the radial dose function g(r) of bone and the g(r) of water phantom, at a distance of 10 cm from the source center is 20%, while such differences are 1.7%, 1.6% and 1.1% for soft tissue, muscle, and fat, respectively. The largest difference of the dose rate constant of phantoms with those of water is 4.52% for the bone phantom, while the differences for soft tissue, muscle, and fat are 1.18%, 1.27%, and 0.18%, respectively. The 2D anisotropy function of the Cs-137 source for different tissues is identical to that of water.
Conclusion
The results of the simulations have shown that dose calculation in water phantom would introduce errors in the dose calculation around brachytherapy sources. Therefore, it is suggested that the correction factors of different tissues be applied after dose calculation in water phantoms, in order to decrease the errors of brachytherapy treatment planning.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-10-1390
- نویسندگان: Sedigheh Sina,Reza Faghihi,Ali Soleymani Meigooni
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Behavioral Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Family,Marital satisfaction,Keywords: Early Maladaptive Schemas,Marital Commitment,Couples
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The present study was conducted to predict the degree of marital commitment based on early maladaptive schemas and marital satisfaction.Method: The present descriptive correlational study used convenience sampling to select 454 subjects (including 230 women and 224 men) from the entire population of couples who had been married for one to ten years and were residing in Tehran, Iran. The subjects completed the ENRICH Couple Scales and the Early Maladaptive Schema Questionnaire-Short Form (YSQ-Sf2) along with the Dimensions of Commitment Inventory (DCI). The data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation coefficient and stepwise multiple regression.Results: The results showed a significant positive relationship between early maladaptive schemas and marital commitment. Among the five components of early maladaptive schemas, impaired autonomy and performance, impaired limits and over-vigilance/inhibition (P<0.01), could predict marital commitment. Moreover, a significant positive relationship was observed between marital commitment and marital satisfaction, and of the components of the latter, conflict resolution and idealistic distortion (P<0.01), could predict marital commitment. Overall, marital commitment could be predicted by components of marital satisfaction (24% of the variance) and also early maladaptive schemas (13% of the variance)Conclusion: Based on the findings, the degree of marital satisfaction and consequently marital commitment are recommended to be enhanced through the identification and modification of early maladaptive schemas along with the use of couple therapy and teaching problem-solving skills to couples so as to prevent potential extramarital relationships or divorce.
- انتشار مقاله: 01-08-1395
- نویسندگان: Bahareh Mohammadi,Aliakbar Soleymani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Prevalence,Antibiotic resistance,Neonatal sepsis
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Neonatal sepsis is a type of neonatal infection and specifically refers to the presence in a newborn baby of a bacterial blood stream infection (BSI) in the setting of fever. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence, pathogen distribution, antibiotic resistance pattern and the most common clinical features in infants with suspected sepsis admitted to teaching hospitals of Ilam, Iran.
Materials and Methods
This retrospective study was conducted in two teaching hospitals of Ilam city, Iran, during 2012-2017.After calculating sample size, simple random sampling was started in a total of 166 infants; of these, 22 infants were excluded from the study. The data collection method for each record was reviewed by two researchers and finally, the accuracy of the data extracted was examined by the third researcher. Required data were extracted based on the prepared checklist.
Results
The prevalence of neonatal sepsis was estimated to be 10.4%. The most common pathogenswere Escherichia coli (46.7%), and Staphylococcus epidermidis (20%). Prematurity (46.7%) and low birth weight (35.4%) were the most common risk factors for sepsis. The most common clinical features in neonatal sepsis were lethargy (53.3%), jaundice (46.7%), and respiratory distress (40%), respectively.Neonatal sepsis was not significantly correlated with mother's age, gestational age, infant's age, infant's weight, gender, and normal vaginal delivery (p>0.05).
Conclusion
The results of the study showed that prevalence of neonatal sepsis was 10.4% and the most common pathogenwas Escherichia coli. Lethargy, jaundice and respiratory distress, were the most common clinical features in neonatal sepsis.- انتشار مقاله: 01-10-1396
- نویسندگان: Sasan Nikpay,Alireza Yadegarazadi,Jasem Mohamadi,Ali Soleymani,Gholamreza Badfar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Nitrogen,Barley,Seed yield,Cultivar
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: : In order to study the effect of different nitrogen levels on yield components and seed yield of three barley cultivars, an experiment was conducted in 2011-2012 in a research farm of farming building of Islamic Azad University Khorasgan (Isfahan) Branch located in Khatunabad village (latitude 32o /40' N and Longitude 51o /48' E). A split plot layout within randomized complete block design with 3 replications was used. Main plot were different level ofnitrogen fertilizer (0, 75and 150 kg ha-1) from urea source, and sub plot were different cultivars (Reyhan03Nosrat, Valfajr and Yousef). Condition represented the effect of nitrogen was significant on number of spikes m-2, seed yield, biological yield and harvest index.50 kg N ha-1fertilizer treatment, resulted the maximum of all mentioned factors except biological yield. Effect of cultivar was significant on number of spikes m-2 and biological yield. The maximum of all mentioned factors related to Valfajr cultivar.Interaction of nitrogen and cultivar was significant on number of spikes m-2, seed yield andharvest index. On the basis of the results obtained, the fertilizer treatment 50 kg N ha-1 and Valfajr cultivar might be suitable for barley productive under the condition similar to the present study
- انتشار مقاله: 06-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Aysou Entezami,Ali Soleymani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: forage corn,Nitrogen fertilizer,100- Grain weight,Seed yield
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: To evaluate the effect of nitrogen fertilizer amounts on grain yield of forage corn in 2012, a pilot was implemented in Islamic Azad University Agricultural Research Station, Isfahan, as a split plot in a randomized complete block design. Main plots consisted of four levels: control (no fertilization ) , 50 , 100 and 150 kg per ha nitrogen from urea source and subplots , including several varieties of corn ( single cross 704 , single cross 640 and single cross 540 ), respectively. Results indicate that the effect of nitrogen fertilizer and cultivar effects on the number of rows per ear, number of seed per row, number of grains per maize, seed weight and seed yield were significant. With more than 704 varieties of seed number per row and number of seeds per ear, more grain yield was produced. The 540 cultivar was not significantly different. Treated with 150 kg N ha- highest number of seed per rows and number of seeds produced. Treatment of 100 kg per hectare produced the highest seed weight and seed yield and seed weight could generate the maximum highest yield significantly different results, and treatment was 150 kg N ha. Thus, the results indicate that treatment of 100 kg per ha nitrogen to achieve maximum yield was good
- انتشار مقاله: 05-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Leila Hejazi,Ali Soleymani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Drought stress,sunflower,Total dry matter,Net assimilation rate,Crop growth rate,Leaf Area Index
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In order to study the effect of drought stress on some growth indices of oil sunflower cultivars, a study was conducted in Isfahan. The experiment was conducted as split plots in a randomized complete blocks design with three replications in Isfahan (51° 48' E, 32° 40' N).Main plots were drought stress in four levels (80, 100, 120, and 140 mm evaporation from evaporation pan class A and cultivars were sub plots (Sirena, Record, Euroflore). Total dry weight, leaf area index, net assimilation rate and crop growth rate were measured. Results showed that total dry matter, leaf area index, net assimilation rate and crop growth rate were decreased by drought increasing from 80 to 140mm. The least evaporation (80mm) had the highest amount of mentioned traits. Among cultivars, Record had higher total dry weight because of having growth period and then higher LAI, stem dry weight, leaf dry weight and capitulum dry weight but it had lower NAR and CGR because of higher LAI and shading of upper leaves, then it is recommended to use Record cultivar.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Hadi Hemmati,Ali Soleymani
- مشاهده