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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,Death,vaccine,Influenza,World,Pregnant Women
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Dear Editor-in-Chief,
Influenza, commonly known as the flu, is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus (1). Symptoms can be mild to severe (2). The most common symptoms include: high fever, runny nose, sore throat, muscle pains, headache, coughing, sneezing, and feeling tired (1). Three of the four types of influenza viruses affect people, Type A, Type B, and Type C (3, 4). Type D has not been known to infect people, but is believed to have the potential to do so (4, 5). Usually, the virus is spread through the air from coughs or sneezes (1). Influenza spreads around the world in yearly outbreaks, resulting in about three to five million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths (1). About 20% of unvaccinated children, and 10% of unvaccinated adults are infected each year (6). In the northern and southern parts of the world, outbreaks occur mainly in the winter, while around the Equator, outbreaks may occur at any time of the year (1). Death occurs mostly in the young, the old, and those with other health problems (1). Larger outbreaks known as pandemics are less frequent (3). In the 20th century, three influenza pandemics occurred: Spanish influenzain 1918 (~50 million deaths), Asian influenza in 1957 (two million deaths), and Hong Kong influenza in 1968 (one million deaths) (7). The World Health Organization (WHO) declared an outbreak of a new type of influenza A (H1N1) to be a pandemic in June 2009 (8).- انتشار مقاله: 04-11-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Kiani,Masumeh Ghazanfarpour,Masumeh Saeidi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,lead,Blood,Failure to Thrive
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Lead is a strong and stable toxin, harmful especially to children, pregnant women, and the elderly. Nearly 27% of children aged under 5 years suffer from failure to thrive (FTT). Due to the probable harmful effects of lead poisoning on children’s growth, in this study we aimed to assess the blood lead level in children with unexplained failure to thrive.
Methods
This analytic cross-sectional study was performed on 200 children under 2 years of age who were referred to Ghaem hospital, a referral hospital in Mashhad city-Iran. The participants were divided into two equal groups, one with unexplained FTT (group A), and children with normal weight (group B). Baseline characteristics were obtained by a research-made questionnaire. Blood samples were taken by the hospital nurses who were blind to the study groups. Blood lead level was measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometric method (Perkin Elmer 3030).
Results
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of blood lead level in FTT group and control group were 7.3±3.32 µg/dL and 6.37±5.93 µg/dL, respectively. Blood lead level was significantly higher in FTT group than control group (P=0.001). Baseline Charactistics (such as hgender, parental educational level, gestational age, and socio-economic status of the family) were not significantly different between the two groups (P>0.05).
Conclusion
The results of our study revealed that blood lead level was higher in children with FTT. So Lead poisoning may be a potential cause of unexplained FTT. So, measuring blood lead level can be useful in diagnostic workup of patients with FTT.- انتشار مقاله: 16-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Simin Torabian,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Alizadeh Ghamsari Anahita,Seyed Ali Jafari,Masumeh Saeidi,Ali Khakshour,Seyed Javad Sayedi,Hamidreza Kianifar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Curriculum,Education,Pediatric,Development,Resident
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Training of Pediatric residents is a dynamic process which should be changed as the nature and epidemiology of pediatric diseases change. We aimed to determine the educational needs of Pediatric residents.
Materials and Methods: In this systematic review after choosing appropriate keywords and their combinations,, an extensive search was done in databases of Medline, EMBASE, ProQuest and Ovid, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Scopus, and CINAHL as well as Persian databases, such as Magiran, Medlib, and SID, using equivalent keywords in Persian, to find related articles to Pediatric education, until October 2018. The full text of the articles was studied by two reviewer and their main findings were extracted and categorized. Quality of studies was evaluated using STROBE statement.
Results: Data from nine studies were entered in this study. According to the findings, the necessity of changing Pediatric resident curriculum seems to be necessary in accordance with the conditions of the community. So, subspecialties for Pediatric resident training should be considered; these items include: cardiology, development, hematology and oncology, endocrinology, infectious diseases, respirology, palliative care of neurology, emergency, neonatology, gastroenterology, nephrology, gynecology, child psychiatry, behavioral psychology, surgical specialties, orthopedics and adolescents, dermatology, ophthalmology, and otolaryngology.
Conclusion: Pediatric residents need sufficient, specific training to enable them to competently investigate and manage of children complaints. So, Pediatric resident curriculum should be developed to be in according to Pediatric educational needs, and also to support the learner’s personal development by contributing to enhancing their self-respect and confidence, motivation and aspirations.- انتشار مقاله: 22-09-1397
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Ali Kiani,Masumeh Ghazanfarpour,Amer Yazdanparast,Masumeh Saeidi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Women,fasting,Obese,Glucagon-like peptide-1 hormone
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Glucagon-like peptide-1 hormone (GLP-1) contributes to the regulation of insulin and glucose concentration. However, the effects of fasting on GLP-1 response in different people has not been determined yet. The aim of the present research was to investigate the effect of fasting on GLP-1 and the lipid profile of obese and thin women.
Materials and methods: In this research, 25 obese and thin women whose age ranged from 35 to 45 years were selected through a convenient sampling method and were divided into two groups of obese (n=12, body mass index ˃30 kg/m2) and thin (n=13, body mass index=18-20 kg/m2). GLP-1 in both groups was measured in four phases: 3 days before the beginning of Ramadan, 14 days after the beginning of Ramadan, 28 days after the beginning of Ramadan and 2 weeks after the end of Ramadan. Repeated –measure ANOVA was used to statistically analyse the data.
Results: GLP-1 was reduced from phase 1 to 3 of the research. However, it was increased after Ramadan. In the thin group, GLP-1 was increased in 14 days of fasting, but did not show any change at the end of Ramadan, and also two weeks after this month. However, none of these changes were statistically significant. The two groups did not diverge from each other significantly in any of the phases.
Conclusion: The present findings showed that fasting has no significant effect on the GLP-1 and lipid profile indices of the obese and thin women.- انتشار مقاله: 16-08-1397
- نویسندگان: Shahrbanoo Haghighi,Seyed Reza Attarzade Hosseini,Masoud Saleh Moghaddam,Majid Rajabian,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Habibolah Taghizade Moghaddam,Seyed Majid Sezavar Kamali
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Probiotics,Pediatrics,Diarrhea,Yogurt consumption
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
The popularity of probiotics is on the rise. Despite the beneficial effects of antibiotics, gastrointestinal health is at risk of diarrhea. This study aimed to investigate whether probiotic yogurt is of capability to prevent the incidence of diarrhea versus conventional yogurt.
Materials and Methods
This controlled, randomized, double-blind trial was designed to recruit 48 hospitalized children, whose treatments included different types of antibiotics. They were subsequently assigned into a 1:1 ratio into groups A and B at random. The first group was instructed to consume probiotic yogurt (Bifidobacterium strains and Lactobacillus acidophilus), while the second were on conventional yogurt (placebo containing Streptococcus thermophiles and Lactobacillus bulgaricus) at least for 7 days. The incidence of diarrhea, its onset and duration were compared between the two groups.
Results
The findings indicated that there was no statistically significant difference between the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). No significant decrease was observed in the incidence of diarrhea between the groups following adjustment for negative C-reactive protein (CRP) (p > 0.05).
Conclusion
According to the results, the consumption of yogurt, either probiotic or conventional, reduced the incidence, duration, and onset of antibiotic-associated diarrhea in pediatric population. This study showed no significantly better performance for probiotic yogurt than conventional yogurt.- انتشار مقاله: 25-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Majid Khademian,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Seyed Ali Jafari,Hamid Ahanchian,Niloofar Sedghi,Fatemeh Behmanesh,Ali Khakshour,Hamidreza Kianifar
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Cystic fibrosis,Dermatglyphics,Palm patterns,Asymmetry a-b ridge count,ATD angel
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Dermatoglyphics could assist in the diagnosis of congenital abnormalities. The aim of this study was to identify the dermatoglyphic patterns (finger print pattern type, total ridge count of each finger, a-b ridge count, and articulotrochanteric distance [ATD angles]) in the parents of cystic fibrosis children.
Materials and Methods
We recruited 75 parents of children with cystic fibrosis for the study group and 341 parents for the control group. We recorded finger print pattern type, total ridge count (TRC), a-b ridge count, and ATD angles of all participants. Then we identified any asymmetry between the right and left hands of each person and characteristics of parents in two genders. Chi-square analysis, Mann-Whitney U test, and Fisher's exact test were used for data analysis.
Results
We observed significant differences in a-b ridge count on the right hand (P=0.02), and mean total ridge count on the right digit I (P=0.05), right digit IV (P=0.03), and right digit V in the fathers of children with cystic fibrosis compared to the control group(P=0.02).
Conclusion
According to the results, we suggest that the dermatoglyphic traits of parents could be used as a simple, appropriate, and supplementary screening method in the diagnosis of children with CF. Nevertheless, we need lager studies to precisely confirm that dermatoglyphics is a reliable method in the diagnosis of CF.- انتشار مقاله: 05-05-1396
- نویسندگان: Hamid Reza Kianifar,Atefeh Ezzati,Seyed Ali Jafari,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Hamid Ahanchian,Hasan Karami,Ezzat Khodashenas,Arezoo Jahanbin
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: ISO 10015,Clinical training,Morning Report,Teaching Hospital
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Morning reports, along with clinical rounds and practical tutorials are common, useful, and valuableprocedures in clinical education.This method has standards that play an important role in helping the students in learning, when complete.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effective items in morning reports of clinical wards of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2016 until January2017inteaching hospitals in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences.The questionnaire in this studyincluded items evaluatingmorning report, based onISO10015Standard, with confirmed reliability and validity.In this questionnaire, 36 items affecting the quality of a morning report were evaluated. The questionnaires were completed by attending the morning report sessions of 18 clinical sections in educational hospitals and examining existing profiles. The obtained data was analyzed by SPSS softwareversion 16.
Results: The results of this study showed that mean time of starting the morning report was 7:54 AM.Percentage of attendance of professors was 50%, assistants 61.1%,interns 77.8%, and externs 77.8%.The case being reviewed was selected by assistantorchiefassistantin 50% of cases based on common diseases; in 28% of cases, based on the patients' condition and according to the severity of the diseases, and in 22% based on the diseases mentioned in the course curriculum.Regarding effective environmental factors, the morning report was held away from the noise in 94.4% of cases, had a black/white board in 88.9%, dataprojectorin94.4% withmean room size of 70 m2.Mean numberof cases introduced at each session was 2.6 cases.In each session, the first presenter was an intern in 77.8% of cases and extern in 22.2% of cases.In none of the sessions, professors of pharmacologyor pathology were present and only in 16.7% of the sessions, radiology professors attended the sessions.
Conclusion: Morning report had a goodcondition in internalandsurgical wards ofteaching hospitals of Mashhad University of Medical Sciences,butis still far fromstandard conditions.Thus,serious measures should be taken to standardize the morning reports in teaching hospitals.- انتشار مقاله: 16-04-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohsen Zakerian,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Farshid Abedi,Elham Roudi,Masumeh Saeidi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,mortality,Neonatal Intensive Care Unit,Sepsis,Neonatal infections
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Neonatal infections are one of the major causes of death in Iran. Since identifying the risk factors, types, site, bacterial causes, and case fatality rate of an infection can be effective in selecting preventive and therapeutic methods, and appropriate supportive measures, this study aimed to investigate the aforementioned factors in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Ghaem Hospital in Mashhad- Iran during a 5-year period.
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 2010 to Jun 2016 on 221 infants diagnosed with infections (positive blood, cerebrospinal fluid, or urine cultures, and radiographic evidence of lung infection as well as laboratory and clinical evidence of infection). Data collection tools consisted of a researcher-made questionnaire including maternal and neonatal characteristics and clinical and laboratory evaluation. Moreover, the infants were followed up until hospital discharge or death. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16.
Results: The incidence of neonatal infection was 11.6%. About 70% of the infants were born preterm and 52% of the infected infants were born by cesarean. The most common pathogens of sepsis were gram-negative bacteria (55%), coagulase-negative staphylococci (35%) and other gram-positive bacteria (10%). There were three main causes of infection of central nervous system (CNS): Klebsiella (66%), Escherichia coli (17%), and Acinetobacter (17%). Infant mortality rate due to infection was 28.1%. The causes of death included meningitis (60%), sepsis (27%), and UTI (16%).
Conclusion: According to our study, the prevalence of infection and mortality rate in our ward is higher compared to developed countries. The most common cause of infections was gram-negative bacteria, but coagulase-negative staphylococci become more prevalent and needs more attention.- انتشار مقاله: 18-07-1395
- نویسندگان: Hassan Boskabadi,Gholamali Maamouri,Javad Akhodian,Maryam Zakerihamidi,Seyed Javad Sayedi,Kiarash Ghazvini,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Abbas Boskabadi,Tayebeh Reyhani,Soheila Karbandi,Hamidreza Behnam Vashani,Naghmeh Razaghi,Maryam Kalateh Mollaei,Zahra Parvini,Tahereh Skandari,Akram Rezaeian,Fatemeh Bagheri
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: neonate,NICU,Portal vein thrombosis (PVT),Umbilical catheterization
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is one of the most common causes of extrahepatic portal hypertension in children, which may follow neonatal umbilical vein catheterization. The incidence rates of catheter-related PVT, in infants and children vary in different studies. This study aimed to determine PVT incidence in the children under 3 years old with a history of neonatal umbilical vein catheterization in the NICU of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad- Iran.
Materials and Methods
This cross-sectional study included 38 children with a history of hospitalization in the NICU of Ghaem Hospital, Mashhad-Iran, during 2012 to 2013 for whom umbilical vein catheterization had been performed. The Children’s histories were taken and they were examined. Color Doppler ultrasound was performed on them. Data analysis was carried out using SPSS-13 and descriptive statistics, t-test, Fisher's exact test.
Results
Fourteen (36.8%) and 24 (63.2%) of the infants were males and females, respectively. Mean age of the infants was 33.1±3.55 months. PVT evidence in a child raises a 2.6% PVT incidence. No statistically significant relationship was observed among gender, age, catheter type, and catheterization duration and PVT. A statistically significant relationship was observed between spleen size and portal vein size in ultrasound and PVT (P<0.05). The liver and spleen examination was only abnormal, in the patient with thrombosis.
Conclusion
The study findings suggest a 2.6% incidence for PVT. In addition, neonatal umbilical catheterization causes PVT during childhood.- انتشار مقاله: 05-06-1395
- نویسندگان: Gholamali Maamouri,Seyed Javad Sayedi,Behrooz Davachi,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Hamid Ahanchian,Lida Jarahi,Maryam Zakerhamidi,Hassan Boskabadi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: massage,Infantile colic,Complementary of Alternative Medicine
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Infantile colic is a painful phase in the first months of infancy but no safe and effective conventional treatment exists. Massage is used in traditional medicine as a control and treatment method for infantile colic. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of massage in the control and treatment of infantile colic.
Materials and Methods
We searched international database such as PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library, and Iranian databases such as SID, Magiran, Iranmedex using a searching strategy with key words "Infantile colic", "Massage", "Complementary of Alternative Medicine" during 2000 to 2015. Analysis of data extraction and quality evaluation of the literature were performed independently by two investigators.
Results
Most articles provides the strongest evidence for benefits of massage in stress, anxiety reduction, pain control, cancer, skin disease, weight gain, sleep, promote growth, development in premature infants, neuromuscular and gastrointestinal disease such as infantile colic. The infantile colic massage helps relax the gastrointestinal tract and good digestion.
Conclusion
Our findings demonstrated that pediatric massage therapy is effective in the treatment of infantile colic. Compared to other possible treatments for colic, massage is a safe and enjoyable procedure; the risk of serious adverse effects is low. The pediatrician should feel comfortable discussing massage therapy with patients and be able to refer patients to a qualified massage therapist as appropriate.- انتشار مقاله: 24-01-1395
- نویسندگان: Hamidreza Bahrami,Mohammad Ali Kiani,Mohammadreza Noras
- مشاهده