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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Teaching English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Applied Linguistics,Research Article,Evaluative Checklist,Reviewing Criteria
- چکیده: اگرچه محققان، دانشجویان تحصیلات تکمیلی و اساتید دانشگاهی تحت فشار زیادی برای چاپ کردن یا هلاک شدن هستند، تعداد اندکی مقیاس یا چکلیست که در سطح وسیعی مورد تایید باشد برای ارزیابی مقالاتی که به مجلات در حوزه زبانشناسی کاربردی ارسال میشوند وجود دارد. بدتر آنکه، معیارهای موجود که در فرایند داوری استفاده میشوند معمولا بهطور عمومی به اشتراک گذاشته نمیشوند. بنابراین، فرایند داوری دقیق یک ژانر بسته به حساب میآید. برای پر کردن این شکاف در حوزه زبانشناسی کاربردی، هدف تحقیق حاضر آن است که با نگاهی انتقادی به تحلیل مقیاسهای ارزیابی، معیارهای داوری و مستندات موجود جمع آوری شده از 18 مجله، دو موسسه انتشاراتی و راهنماهای انجمن روانشناسی آمریکا، میپردازد تا بتوان چکلیستی جامع برای ارزیابی مقالات در حوزه زبانشناسی کاربردی طراحی کرد. دادههای تحلیل شده از طریق تحلیل محتوی به 43 دسته طبقهبندی شدند، که متعاقبا زیرمجموعه شش مضمون کلی قرارگرفتند. به طور دقیقتر، محققان بایستی از میزان عملی بودن تحقیق آگاه باشند، ملزومات را تحقیق خود بگنجانند و از طریق اضافه کردن اعتبار صوری، جذبه تحقیق را برای داوران بالا ببرند. هنگامی که این ملزومات را رعایت کردند، محققان بایستی از مهارتهای عالی نگارشی برخوردار باشند و از اصول اساسی در اخلاق تحقیق پیروی کنند تا بتوانند مقالات تحقیقاتی با ارزش کلی بالا بنویسند. این مقاله با برخی پیشنهادات برای محققان خاتمه مییابد و مسیرهایی را برای تحقیقات آینده باز نشان میدهد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Although researchers, postgraduate students, and university professors are under tremendous pressure to publish or perish, there exist few widely acknowledged rating scales or checklists for evaluating manuscripts submitted to journals in applied linguistics. To top it all, the existent peer-reviewing criteria are typically not publicly shared; thus, peer-reviewing is a closed, occluded genre. To fill this lacuna in applied linguistics, this research critically analyzed the evaluation scales, existing review criteria, and available documents from 18 journals, two publishing institutions, and APA guidelines in order to come up with a comprehensive checklist for evaluating research articles in applied linguistics. The analysis of the data through inductive content analysis revealed 43 categories, which were later classified under six main themes. It was found that researchers must be aware of the practicalities of research, include the essentials in their manuscript, and appeal to editors by adding elements of face validity. Having met these requirements, researchers must enjoy excellent composition skills and adhere to the fundamental principles in research ethics in order to be able to write a research paper having high overall value. The paper concludes with several implications for researchers and opens up some avenues for future research.
- انتشار مقاله: 27-04-1399
- نویسندگان: Mansoor Ganji,Ali Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Teaching English Language
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: structural equation modeling,EFL Teachers,emotional regulation,teacher efficacy,Teaching Stress
- چکیده: خودکارآمدی معلم
- چکیده انگلیسی: As it has been revealed that characteristics of teachers and their psychological factors have a significant share of variance in affecting teacher performance, a bulk of empirical studies have been conducted to investigate factors related to teachers and their interrelationships. As an attempt to shed more light on the relationships among teacher psychological factors in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) context, this study examined the role of teacher self-efficacy and emotional regulation as predictors of teaching stress among Iranian EFL teachers. In so doing, a sample of 256 teachers completed three questionnaires measuring these constructs. Structural Equation Modeling was employed to test the hypothesized relationships among the variables. The findings revealed that emotional regulation accounted for 14.2% of the variance and teacher self-efficacy accounted for 22.1% of the variance in teaching stress. Although each of the two variables had a unique effect on teaching stress, teacher self-efficacy outweighed emotional regulation in predicting teaching stress. Finally, the practical implications of the results were discussed.
- انتشار مقاله: 16-10-1397
- نویسندگان: Jalil Fathi,Ali Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Teaching Language Skills
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Pragmatics,Speech acts,Systematic review,Instruction
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study aimed to review the instruction of the L2 speech acts in English pragmatics in the Iranian context during the last two decades from 2000 to 2020. To this end, upon the completion of the study search, the retrieved articles were selected and analyzed based on the research domain. The results of our synthesis from 54 studies carried out on the instruction of the speech act not only reveal that pragmatics is amenable to instruction but also unfold that the most frequently instructed speech act is the speech act of request which has been conducted in 29 studies, while the least instructed speech act is invitation, used in only one study. Moreover, analyzing the data collection methods documented that Multiple-choice Discourse Completion Test (MDCT) is the most predominant method utilized in 36 papers during the last decades in English pragmatic instruction. With respect to the treatment types, it is illuminated that the most recurrent treatment type is explicit, implicit vs. control, followed by explicit vs. implicit, although other treatment types have been embarked on. As a final point, it is worth noting that 53 of the conducted studies utilized the quantitative method in their data analyses, whereas only one study implemented the qualitative method. The paper concludes with some avenues for further research.
- انتشار مقاله: 27-06-1399
- نویسندگان: Farzaneh Shakki,Jila Naeini,Omid Mazandarani,Ali Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Rehabilitation Sciences and Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Resilience,Assessment,Standardization,Cerebrovascular accident
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Resilience is a personal trait that can influence the stroke subjects’ attitudes toward future opportunities and facilitate the transitional process and adaptation in them. Assessment of this trait in stroke subjects with a standardized tool would promote the rehabilitation protocols and occupational therapy interventions. Therefore, the objective of this study was to standardize the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC) for Persian Iranian people who have had strokes.Methods: A descriptive observational study was adopted in order to standardize the CD-RISC in stroke population. The population was comprised of 34 female and 29 male subjects with a mean age of 51.4±10.6 years and the history of ischemic or hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accidents. Subjects were recruited based on inclusion criteria within the period of two months between May and July of 2014. Descriptive statistics were calculated along with the Cronbach's alpha to determine reliability. Standard multiple regression analyses searched for any correlation between variables and resilience.Results: Statistical parameters revealed a mean of 58.4±15.5 for CD-RISC raw scores. Percentile ranks were also calculated from raw data. Cronbach's alpha of 0.892 revealed that the CD-RISC had high reliability for the population of this study. Multiple regression analyses showed that the functional status was the only variable that uniquely predicted subjects’ resilience (ß = 0.41; P< 0.01). Conclusion: The findings of this research confirmed applicability of CD-RISC in Iranian people who have had strokes. The standardized CD-RISC was determined to be suitable for use in the clinic and for utilization in research studies in Iranian people status post-stroke.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-10-1393
- نویسندگان: Seyed Alireza Derakhshanrad,Emily Piven,Mehdi Rassafiani,Seyed Ali Hosseini,Farahnaz Mohammadi Shahboulaghi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Research in Applied Linguistics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Culture,Cultuling,Euculturing,Metacultuling,Variational Pragmatics (VP)
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Because language and culture are inextricably intermingled, scrutinizing the indispensable role of the language of a speech community can yield significant information about its culture. Conceptualized under an overarching field of study, culturology of language, Pishghadam (2013) postulates how the realizations of cultuling (culture in language) and metacultuling can be entrenched in a language. Each metacultuling is composed of interrelated cultulings, appearing in the form of linguistic expressions. Cultuling can be manifested if we embark upon the macrosocial factors such as region, ethnicity, age, social status, and gender on language in (inter)action and on intralingual pragmatic conventions embedded in variational pragmatics (VP). This study elaborates on the aforementioned conceptualizations along with the previous studies drawing on cultuling analysis (CLA) as an innovative method for the analysis of language. It also illuminates how CLA can manifest the cultural memes hidden in language and the cultural functions of linguistic expressions. Finally, it discusses how identifying defective cultural memes can help purify culture and pave the way for euculturing.
- انتشار مقاله: 23-07-1399
- نویسندگان: Reza Pishghadam,Shima Ebrahimi,Elham Naji Meidani,Ali Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Applied Research in Water and Wastewater
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Coupling,nanofiltration membrane,Licorice
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: The filtration performance of coupling modified polyethersulfone (PES) membrane by coupling diazonium reaction and 25 wt.% aniline modified polyethersulfone (APES /PES) blended membrane by radically diazonium reaction for treating of licorice aqueous solution was verified systematically and compared to bare NF PES membrane. The effect of operational pressure and cross-flow velocity on permeation flux and rejection were evaluated. All experiments were employed in a lab scale cross-flow filtration equipment with effective area of 40 cm2. The applied operational pressure and cross-flow velocity were diverse from 6 to 12 bar and 0.5 to 2.5 cm/s respectively. The obtained results of rejection for licorice aqueous solution were between 84.4% to 99.2%. The durability and antifouling performance of membranes were assessed through long-term filtration of licorice aqueous solution.
- انتشار مقاله: 28-08-1397
- نویسندگان: Fariba Oulad,Sirus Zinadini,Ali Akbar Zinatizadeh,Ali Ashraf Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Applied Research in Water and Wastewater
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
- انتشار مقاله: 09-08-1395
- نویسندگان: Batool Shahroie,Laleh Rajabi,Ali Ashraf Derakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pathology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: WOUND HEALING,immune system,Fibroblast,Allogeneic
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Objective: In recent years, due to increasing number of patients with non-healing skin ulcers, skin substitutes have been used. Skin substitutes contain living cells causing faster and more effective wound healing. Therefore, research on the use of autologous and allogeneic cells such as fibroblasts in skin substitutes has attracted attentions. However, there are discrepancies in the immune responses to allogeneic fibroblasts. Therefore, we aimed to review the immune responses to allogeneic fibroblasts.
Methods: Donor fibroblasts were isolated from the skin of three rats. Nine recipient rats which were subcutaneously injected with three different regimens, were divided into three groups: Group 1; phosphate buffered saline (PBS) without cells (control), group 2: allogeneic fibroblasts of one animal source suspended in phosphate buffered saline, and group 3; phosphate buffered saline containing mixed allogeneic fibroblasts of three animal sources. The skin samples were biopsied at 1, 3 and 7 days after injection and studied histopathologically.
Results and Conclusion: No signs of redness and edema were observed in the injection sites. In pathology examination, changes such as vasculitis, eosinophils and lymphocytes accumulation around fibroblasts, fibroblast apoptosis and transplant rejection at the injection site were not observed in either group.
Subcutaneous injection of allogeneic fibroblasts in rats can be introduced as a promising approach for wound healing as they do not stimulate the immune system.- انتشار مقاله: 07-03-1396
- نویسندگان: Seyedeh Mehrnaz Kouhbanani Nejad,Farzaneh Armin,Shahriar Dabiri,Ali Derakhshani,Maryam Iranpour,Alireza Farsinejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Pathology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Mesenchymal Stem Cells,Differentiation,Regenerative medicine,Peripheral blood
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Objectives: The mesenchymal stem cells derived from peripheral blood (PB) have been recognized as a promising source for allogeneic cell therapy. The aim of this study was to investigate the isolation, growth and differentiation ability of peripheral blood-isolated mesenchymal stem cells.
Methods: The mononuclear cells were purified from fresh peripheral blood using density gradient centrifugation then cultured in a suitable medium, expanded and characterized. In the following, these cells were cultured in specific adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation media.
Results and Conclusion: In spite of the absence of any stimulating factor, the cells adhered to the flasks and developed a rather homogeneous, spindle-shaped morphology after consecutive passages. The cells were confirmed to have mesenchymal phenotype by expression of specific markers (CD90, CD105, and CD73) and absence of CD45 marker, which is specific for hematopoietic stem cells. They could differentiate into lineage-specific committed cells (osteoblasts and adipocytes).
According to the findings, the conventional, labour-intensive and time-consuming approaches are not necessary to obtain an optimal number of cells from peripheral blood. This relatively accessible and minimally invasive source of stem cells may open a new era for practical exploitation in regenerative medicine.- انتشار مقاله: 22-03-1396
- نویسندگان: Noushin Pouryazdanpanah,Shahriar Dabiri,Ali Derakhshani,Reza Vahidi,Alireza Farsinejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Iranian Journal of Immunology
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی:
Objective: To evaluate the effect of dialysis and kidney transplantation on serum levels of several tumor markers such as PSA, AFP, CA125, CA19- 9, CA15-3, CEA and to compare with normal age matched controls.
Methods: Between September of 2000 and July of 2001, the following tumor markers: PSA, AFP, CA125, CA19-9, CA15-3 and CEA were measured by ELISA Method in 29 hemodialyzed patients (group A), in 30 successfully transplanted patients (group B) and in 30 normal volunteers who did not present any clinical symptoms or signs of neoplasia.
Results: The serum level of CEA was above the cutoff limit in 6.7% of hemodialyzed patients (group A) but was in the normal range in transplanted and control groups. The level of CEA were significantly higher in hemodialyzed patients in comparison to other groups (p<0.003). Serum levels of AFP and PSA were not significantly different between the three groups (p=0.595 and p=0.545, respectively). Although serum level of CA 19-9 was elevated in 3.3% of hemodialyzed and control group the differences between the three groups were not significant (p=0.507). Serum level of CA 125 was elevated in 13.3% of group A, 13.8% of group B and 6.7% of control group (p=0.347). Serum level of CA15-3 was elevated in 13.3%, 6.9% of group A, B and control group, respectively and the differences were not significant (p=0.156).
Conclusion: Hemodialyzed and transplanted patients show a high false positive rate of CEA, CA125 and CA15-3 and may be unreliable for monitoring of malignancies in these patients while other markers evaluated (AFP, PSA and CA 19.9) appear to maintain their specificity in these situations.- انتشار مقاله: 13-05-1395
- نویسندگان: Ali Derakhshan,Masoumeh Mohkam,Abbas Ghaderi,Ghamar Hosseini Alhashemi,Mohammad Hossein Fallahzadeh
- مشاهده