در هنگام جستجو کلمه در قسمت عنوان میتوانید کلمات مورد جستجو را با کاراکتر (-) جدا کنید.
کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Scientific Research in Dental and Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Screening,Risk Factor,Retinopathy of prematurity
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and aim: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a complex disease initiated by abnormal retinal vascularization in premature infants. ROP causes more than 10% of childhood blindness in developed countries and a preventable disease with determining its risk factors. Then it's necessary to resolve the incidence rate and risk factors of ROP in our area.
Materials and methods: In a retrospective study, all premature infants referred to the ROP clinic of Khatam Al-Anbia Ophthalmology hospital (April 2015- Sept 2016) recorded. Chi-Square Test analyzed qualitative data and quantitative data analyzed by T-test and ANOVA.
Results: Among 1247 premature infants there were 553, (44%) different stages of ROP. Data analysis showed a significant relationship between ROP and low birth weight (P value<0.0001), prematurity (P value<0.0001), NICU admission (P value<0.0001), oxygen therapy (P value<0.0001), multiple pregnancy (P value=0.049), surfactant therapy (P value=0.03). Gender (P value=0.52), gravid (P value=0.46) and type of delivery (P value=o.8) didn’t have significant relationship to ROP.
Conclusion: Among 1247 infants referred to Khatam Al-Anbia hospital, there were 553 (44%) different stages of ROP. According to the study, there is a significant relationship between ROP and variables such as low gestational age, low birth weight, NICU admission, receiving surfactant, and multiple pregnancies. There is no meaningful relationship between ROP and the gender, type of delivery, and gravid.- انتشار مقاله: 10-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Nafiseh Kazemi Rad,Maliheh Akbari Farkhani,Majid Abrishami,Naser Shoeibi,Elham Bakhtiari
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,Health Insurance,attributes,preferences,Discrete Choice
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
The preferences of Iranians concerning the attributes of health insurance benefit packages are not well studied. This study aimed to elicit health insurance preferences among insured people in Iran during 2016.
Methods
A mixed methods study using a discrete choice experiment (DCE) approach was conducted to elicit health insurance preferences on a total sample of 600 insured Iranians residing in Tehran. The final design of the DCE included 8 health insurance attributes. Data were analyzed using conditional logistic regression models.
Results
The final model of this DCE study included 8 attributes, and the findings indicated statistically significant (P < .001) increase in the odds ratio (OR) of choosing health insurance at all levels of cost coverage except for the rehabilitation and para-clinical benefits, where at 70% cost coverage there was insignificant (P = .485) disutility (OR = 0.95). With the increase in cost coverage level, the probability of choosing health insurance was significantly (P < .001) the highest for the private hospitals’ benefits (OR = 2.82) followed by public hospitals’ benefits (OR = 2.02) and outpatient benefits (OR = 1.75), and the premium revealed statistically significant (P < .001) disutility (OR = 0.96).
Conclusion
Our findings revealed that participants would be willing to choose health insurance plans with higher cost coverage of healthcare services and with lower premiums. However, the demographic characteristics, income, and health status of the insured individuals affected their health insurance preferences. The findings can contribute to the design of better health insurance policies, improve the participation of individuals in health insurance, and increase the insured individuals’ utility from the insurance benefits packages.- انتشار مقاله: 12-04-1397
- نویسندگان: Ali Kazemi Karyani,Ali Akbari Sari,Abraha Woldemichael
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: nurse,Teaching Hospital,Workplace violence
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Workplace violence is one of the factors which can strongly reduce job satisfaction and the quality of working life of nurses. The aim of this study was to measure nurses’ exposure to workplace violence in one of the major teaching hospitals in Tehran in 2010.
Methods
We surveyed the nurses in a cross-sectional design in 2010. The questionnaire was adapted from a standardized questionnaire designed collaboratively by the International Labor Office (ILO), the International Health Organization (IHO), the International Council of Nurses (ICN), and the Public Services International (PSI). Finally, in order to analyze the relationships among different variables in the study, T-test and Chi-Square test were used.
Results
Three hundred and one nurses responded to the questionnaire (a response rate of 73%). Over 70% of the nurses felt worried about workplace violence. The participants reported exposure to verbal abuse (64% CI: 59-70%), bullying-mobbing (29% CI: 24-34%) and physical violence (12% CI: 9-16%) at least once during the previous year. Relatives of hospital patients were responsible for most of the violence. Nurses working in the emergency department and outpatient clinics were more likely to report having experienced violence. Nurses were unlikely to report violence to hospital managers, and 40% of nurses were unaware of any existing policies within the hospital for reducing violence.
Conclusion
We observed a considerable level of nurse exposure to workplace violence. The high rate of reported workplace violence demonstrates that the existing safeguards that aim to protect the staff from abusive patients and relatives are inadequate.- انتشار مقاله: 20-01-1393
- نویسندگان: Ehsan Teymourzadeh,Arash Rashidian,Mohammad Arab,Ali Akbari-Sari,Seyyed Mostafa Hakimzadeh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: lumbar spine,evidence,Shiraz,MRI Prescription,RAND Appropriateness Method,Clinical Practice Guideline
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
MRI is a new and expensive diagnostic technology, which has been used increasingly all over the world. Low back pain is a worldwide prevalent disorder and MRI technique is one of the several ways to diagnose it. This paper aims to identify the appropriateness of lumbar spine MRI prescriptions in Shiraz teaching hospitals using standardized RAND Appropriateness Method (RAM) criteria in 2012.
Methods
This study consisted of two phases. The first phase involved a qualitative enquiry and the second phase had a quantitative cross-sectional nature. In the first phase RAM was used for developing lumbar spine MRI indications and scenarios. In the second phase, the finalized scenarios were compared with the history and physical examination of 300 patients with low back pain. The rate of appropriateness of lumbar spine MRI prescription was then calculated.
Results
Of 300 cases of lumbar spine MRI prescriptions, approximately 167 (56%) were considered inappropriate, 72 (24%) were uncertain, and 61 (20%) were deemed to be appropriate. The economic burden of inappropriate prescriptions was calculated at 88,009,000 Rials. In addition, the types of expertise and physical examination were considered as related factors to appropriateness of prescriptions.
Conclusion
In conclusion, a large proportion of lumbar spine MRI prescriptions, which result in financial burden on the insurance companies and the patients alike is unnecessary. This study suggests that policy makers consider this evidence while decision-making. Our findings highlight the imperative role of Health Technology Assessment (HTA) and Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPGs). As a result, developing local clinical guidelines may create the commitment needed in physicians in prescribing appropriate prescriptions within the health sector. The study further recommends that appropriate scenarios should be considered as a criterion for payment and reimbursement.- انتشار مقاله: 20-11-1391
- نویسندگان: Hedayat Salari,Rahim Ostovar,Atefeh Esfandiari,Ali Keshtkaran,Ali Akbari Sari,Hossein Yousefi Manesh,Amir Rakhshan
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: ureA,Seed Quality,Pumpkin,Cucurbita pepo var.styriaca,Micro elements
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: In this study investigated effects of different amounts of pelleted manure with urea and micro elements on yield and seed quality of medicinal plants, pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo var. styriaca). Methods: The animal manure and urea as pellet with four levels (150 Kg urea, 50 Kg urea + 3.5 ton animal manure, 100 (Kg) urea+ 1.5 ton animal manure and 150 (Kg) urea+1.5 ton animal manure) located in main plots and microelements with three levels (1000, 2000 and 3000 ppm) including a combination of iron, zinc, manganese and boron were located in subplots. Results showed that the highest number of female flowers, fruit yield, number of seeds per fruit, 1000 seed weight and seed yield was observed in using of 150 (Kg) urea + 1.5 ton manure pellet Increasing of nitrogen levels increased plant growth parameters, yield components and seed yield in pumpkin. Results: There was no significant difference between pelleted manures in seed oil percentage and seed protein but the highest oil yield was obtained in the treatment of 150 (kg) urea + 1.5 ton manure pellet which is related to higher seed yield in this treatment. The highest amounts of mentioned parameters are obtained in concentration of 2000 ppm of microelements except of seed protein which is observed in a concentration of 3000 ppm. At whole among of these fertilizer treatments, 1.5 ton animal manure + 150 (Kg) Urea as pellet with 2000 ppm of microelements is much recommended for maximum qualitative and quantitative properties in pumpkin.
- انتشار مقاله: 18-08-1393
- نویسندگان: Ahmad Reza Dehghani Tafti,Iraj Alahdadi,Farzad Nadjafi,Mohammad Hosein Kianmehr,Mohsen Bagheri,Golam Ali Akbari,Javad Sharifi-Rad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: heavy metals,Phytoremediation,morphologic,Vigna Radiata,Cu
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Objective: To study plants purification capability of Cu on two cultivars of vetch plant (Vigna Radiata) in contaminated soils and their effects on morphological characteristics. Methods: we conducted a completely randomized trial as factorial. Different concentrations of Cu (0, 150, 300, and 400 mg/ Kg of dried soil) were used. After four weeks growth on contaminated soil, parameters such as aerial parts height, roots, fresh and dry weight, as well as intake and aggregation levels of Cu in aerial parts and roots were measured in both cultivars of Sistan and Gohar. Results: Analysis results indicated that increased levels of Copper to decreased height of aerial parts and roots, and dry and fresh weight of both cultivars. Measuring of metal content showed that with increase in metals concentration in soils, their aggregation into aerial parts will be increased. Metal aggregation within aerial parts and roots was not different significantly, indicating metals transferring from roots to aerial parts. Conclusions: Results show that the vetch plant is able to purify soils and intake heavy metals such as Cu from it.
- انتشار مقاله: 22-06-1393
- نویسندگان: Mehdi Keshtegar,Hossein Akbari Moghaddam,Alireza Akbari Moghaddam,Farzaneh Yaghobi Amirabadi,Omid Poudineh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Inorganic Chemistry Research
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: 3,crystal structure,2,Binuclear palladium(II) complex,1-Methyl-1H-1,4-tetrazole-5-thiol,Mizoroki-Heck reaction
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: A new binuclear paddle-wheel palladium(II) complex of [Pd2(μ-mtzt)4]dmgH2 (1) has been prepared by the treatment of PdCl2 in acetonitrile with mixture of 1-methyl-1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazole-5-thiol (Hmtzt) and dimethylglyoxime (dmgH2) in methanol. Resulted complex was characterized by elemental analysis (CHNS), IR, UV–Vis absorption, 1H NMR spectroscopy and its structure was determined with single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Single crystal analysis reveals that this complex has binuclear structure in a paddle-wheel fashion with Pd-Pd distances of 2.808(2)Å. Also, in this binuclear complex, each palladium(II) ion has a slightly distorted square-pyramidal coordination geometry with the two nitrogen and two sulfur atoms in equatorial positions from four bridges mtzt- ligands and the second palladium subunit in axial position. Catalytic potentiality of complex 1 is also exhibited in the Mizoroki–Heck coupling reactions between a range of aryl halides and olefins. The catalyst shows very much efficient reactivity in the Mizoroki–Heck reactions giving high yield of the coupling products.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-06-1398
- نویسندگان: Vahid Amani,Akram Sadat Delbari,Ali Akbari,Mohammad Reza Poor Heravi,Mojtaba Amini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: palliative care,Pediatric,regionalization,health system
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Establishing palliative care services is a priority in the health system of Iran. Considering the necessity
of integrating these services into the health system, this study aimed to explore the stakeholders’ perceptions about the
provision of a conceptual framework for palliative care services for children with cancer according to the health system
in of Iran. Methods: The present qualitative study was conducted through in-depth semi-structured interviews held
with 29 participants including palliative care specialists, policy-makers, health care providers, the parents of children
with cancer selected through purposive sampling, between August 2016 and February 2017. Interviews continued
until saturation of data. All interviews were recorded, transcribed and analyzed using MAXQDA10 software. Results:
The codes extracted from interviews produced the main theme “ classes of palliative care services” with the two main
categories “comprehensive care” including, strengthening family shelter, maintaining the child in a familiar environment,
achieving stability and “establishing social justice” including, easy access to services, financial relief and quality care.
Conclusion: Presenting a framework based on level of palliative care services, the findings of this study paves the way
for integrating these services into Iranian health system.- انتشار مقاله: 09-08-1396
- نویسندگان: Leila Khanali Mojen,Maryam Rassouli,Peyman Eshghi,Kazem Zendedel,Ali Akbari Sari,Majideh Heravi Karimooi,Mamak Tahmasebi,Azam Shirin Abadi Farahani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of English Language Pedagogy and Practice
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: attitude,Encounters,Intercultural Communicative Competence,Iranian EFL Students,Perceived Competence
- چکیده: هدف این مطالعه بررسی نگرش و ماهیت درک تفکر و درک صلاحیت ارتباطات بین فرهنگی (ICC) بین دانشجویان بین المللی زبان انگلیسی است. بر این اساس، این مطالعه از پارادایم تحقیق ترکیبی استفاده می کند که شامل یک مرحله کیفی و یک مرحله کمی است. شرکت کنندگان در مرحله اول مطالعه 30 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد سال سوم رشته زبان انگلیسی از دانشگاه خوراسگان اصفهان، ایران هستند. و شرکت کنندگان مرحله دوم مطالعه، 30 دانشجوی بین المللی سال اول دوره ESL از دانشگاه گانزاگا در واشنگتن، ایالات متحده هستند. تجزیه و تحلیل روایت ها در مرحله اول مطالعه نشان می دهد که شرکت کنندگان نگرش های متنوع نسبت به برخورد بین فرهنگی دارند. یافته های تحلیل آماری مرحله دوم مطالعه نشان داد که مهم ترین متغیرهای اختلاف فردی که مستلزم صلاحیت ارتباطاتی بین فرهنگی دانشجویان هستند، نگرانی های ارتباطی آنها و شایستگی ارتباطی آنها است.
- چکیده انگلیسی: The present study aimed to investigate the attitudes and perceived nature of thinking and understanding towards intercultural communicative competence (ICC) among International English major students. Accordingly, this study employed the paradigm of a sequential mixed-method research, in which it comprised a qualitative phase followed by a quantitative phase. The participants of the first phase of the study were 30 undergraduate English major students in their third year at Isfahan Islamic Azad University in Iran; and the participants of the second phase of the study included 30 international ESL students in their first year at Gonzaga University (GU), in Washington, U.S. The analysis of narratives in the first phase of the study indicated that the participants had diverse attitudes towards intercultural encounters. The results of the statistical analyses of the second phase of the study showed that the most important individual difference variables directly influencing students’ intercultural communicative competence were their communication apprehension and their perceived communicative competence. This study also showed that students’ self-image as communicators were of utmost importance: if students believe they are good communicators in English, theyare more likely to be self-confident and are more likely to take part in intercultural encounters. Thus, instructors should help students achieve a realistic self-image about their performance in English and support them if they lack self-confidence.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-02-1398
- نویسندگان: Ali A. Pourakbari,Hossein Heidari Tabrizi,Azizeh Chalak
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Advanced Herbal Medicine
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Walnut,Juglans regia L,fatty acids,DPPH,Genotype
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and aims: Walnuts are good sources of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) and polyphenols which have beneficial effects such as proper growth, decreasing coronary heart disease, prevention of several kinds of cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-mutagenic activities. In this study, the fatty acid content and antiradical activity of different walnut (Juglans regia L.) genotypes grown in Kolyaei region located in Kermanshah Province (Iran) were investigated. Methods: In this experimental study, fatty acid compositions in different genotypes of Persian walnut were determined using a GC–FID coupled with a flame ionization detector. For antiradical activity, methanolic extracts of different genotypes affected on DPPH (2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical. BHA (2-tert-butyl-4-methoxyphenol) was used as the reference compound. Results: Total oil content of walnuts ranged from 63.3 to 78.5%. Oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, palmitic acid and stearic acid contents ranged respectively from 17.9 to 28.6%, 46.9 to 56.8%, 10.8 to 13.9%, 5.5 to 7.2% and 2.0 to 3.9%, while trace amounts of other fatty acids (<0.1% each) were detected in the samples. The results demonstrated that fatty acid composition is genotype dependent and the highest amounts of PUFA (due to the high content of linoleic acid) were observed in B2 genotype. Among different studied genotypes, the extract of B2 had also the highest radical scavenging activity and therefore the lowest EC50. Conclusion: It was concluded that pellicle is a necessary protecting layer that can help to inhibit the oxidation of fatty acids.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-05-1393
- نویسندگان: Vali Akbari,Reza Heidari,Rashid Jamei
- مشاهده