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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Interdisciplinary Journal of Virtual Learning in Medical Sciences
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Students,Education,feedback,Learning,Online Systems
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: The present study aimed at investigating preferential factors of users of online learning systems of University of Hadith Sciences regarding ease of learning. Methods: The research was a survey. The studied population consisted of all students of virtual University of Hadith Science during year 2016, which included 200 individuals and the sample size, based on the Cochrane formula, was 132. Considering the fields of study, stratified random sampling proportional to size was used. According to the number of courses and students in each course, samples were selected randomly using the random number table. Finally, 122 students cooperated until the end of the data collection process. Lee and Kim’s (2015) standard questionnaire was used for data collection. This questionnaire contains 32 items and includes the following factors, the content variable with 4 indices and 10 questions, the feedback variable with 2 indices and 6 questions, the services variable with 5 indices and 12 questions, and the ease of learning as a dependent variable with 4 questions. Questions 29 to 32 are related to the 3 independent factors. For each item, a 5-point Likert-type scale was used. In this study, the PLS software was used for analysis of data. Results: Results of the study based on the approach of partial least squares indicated that the content of online learning with a coefficient of 0.32 and P = 0.01, online learning feedback with a coefficient of 0.31 and P = 0.01, and online learning services with a coefficient of 0.67 and P = 0.01 had a positive and significant effect on the ease of learning, and respectively predicted 11%, 10%, and 45% of the variance of ease of learning. Conclusions: According to the results, content, feedback, and services of online learning had a positive effect on the ease of learning. Design of a user friendly online learning system causes the users to find working with this system easier and feel less of a cognitive burden.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Raziyeh Yousof Boroujerdi,Mostafa Azizi,Ali Asghar Hayat,Meymanat Abedini Baltork
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Management and Informatics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Contemporary studies of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) are recognized as essential for modern organizations. These studies indicate that organizations with more emphasis on the OCB are healthier and more successful. The results also show that employees, who act beyond their job duties and exert OCB, belong to high productivity workgroup and enterprise with excellent quality in comparison to employees with low level of OCB. Therefore, the investigation of antecedents of organizational citizenship behavior can help the organizations to improve and reinforce it. Thus, the present study aimed at investigating the mediating effect of organizational culture on the relationship between transformational leadership and OCB.Method: A descriptive correlation research method was employed in this study. A total of 160 experts at Shiraz University were selected as the research sample through simple random sampling method using Cochran’s formula. Moreover, the study employed three instruments, namely Bass and Avolio’s transformational leadership questionnaire, Podsakoff’s et al.’s (1990) organizational citizenship behavior scale, and Denison organizational culture survey (2006). It is noted that the reliability of all the scales was obtained through Cronbach’s alpha coefficient. To analyze the research data, Pearson coefficient and structural equation modeling were used through SPSS 22 and Lisrel 8.8 software.Results: The results indicated that of dimensions of transformational leadership, inspirational motivation (β=0.33), and individualized consideration (β=-0.23) directly influenced OCB. Moreover, these two dimensions indirectly influenced OCB through organizational culture (dimension of involvement). The direct and indirect (β=0.16) effect of inspirational motivation on OCB was positive whereas individualized consideration directly had a negative and indirectly (β=0.14) a positive effect on OCB. Two other dimensions of transformational leadership (intellectual stimulation and idealized influence) influenced OCB only indirectly and through organizational culture (dimension of involvement). It was also found that among various dimensions of organizational culture only involvement (β=0.35) positively and significantly influenced OCB.Conclusion: When transformational leaders provide close, intimate, supportive and developed relationships, workers tend to more exhibit high levels of OCB and are motivated to fulfill tasks beyond their formal roles to benefit the organization. We can conclude that employees who act beyond their job duties and show OCB have a high productivity with excellent quality in comparison to employees with low level of OCB. Also, organizations with more emphasis on the OCB are healthier and more successful.Keywords: Organizational culture, Transformational leadership, Organizational citizenship behavior
- انتشار مقاله: 05-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Keramat Esmi,Maryam Piran,Ali Asghar Hayat
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Questionnaire,Factor analysis,Medical students,reliability,Skills
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Bedside teaching plays a crucial role in acquiring essential clinical skills. Therefore, the main aim of this study is assessing the validity and reliability of the Persian version of German bedside teaching (BST) instrument. This instrument was specially developed for evaluation of bedside teaching.
Methods: The present cross-sectional study was conducted on 150 last year medical students, using convenience sampling. The Persian version of the bedside teaching (BST) was used for data
gathering. To calculate the reliability of the questions, Cronbach’s alpha was used and to determine the construct validity of the questionnaire, confirmatory factor analysis was used. All analyses
were performed in LISREL 10 and SPSS 21 software.
Results: Cronbach’s alpha indicated excellent reliability for each subscale (α=0.77–0.85). All of the value of the questions are more than a significant number of 1.96 and concluded to be significant. There was an acceptable fit between the hypothetical model and the data and all comparative fit indices (CFI, NFI, RFI, IFI) showed good model fitness. BST is a valid and reliable instrument for the assessment of clinical teaching at bedside. It has 18 items with 5 point Likert scales.
Conclusion: The findings suggest that the Persian version of the BST questionnaire is a valid and reliable tool for the evaluation of teachers and providing feedback in a clinical setting. However,
more studies should be conducted in other cities in Iran.- انتشار مقاله: 30-04-1399
- نویسندگان: MOHAMMAD SAEED GHARAATI JAHROMI,MITRA AMINI,MAHSA MOOSAVI,ALIREZA SALEHI,SOMAYEH DELAVARI,ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,PARISA NABEIEI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Medical students,Internet,academic procrastination,procrastination
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The internet is an essential and widely used tool for college students; however, high internet dependency can have negative consequences for students, especially regarding academic
careers. Such students may tend to postpone their academic tasks. Hence, the current study examines the effect of Internet addiction on academic procrastination among medical students.
Methods: We applied a cross-sectional correlational research design. 233 medical students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected through convenience sampling and participated in this study. To collect the data, we used two valid and reliable questionnaires. The first was Young’s Internet addiction questionnaire (IAT-20), which consists of 20 items based on a 5-point Likert-type scale. The second was Solomon and Rothblum academic procrastination questionnaire, which
consists of 18 items based on a 5 point Likert-type scale. We used Pearson correlation, independent T-test, and One-Way ANOVA to analyze the data in SPSS version 22, and considered a significance
level of p <0.05.
Results: Results showed that 57.1% of the respondents were females, and the remaining were males. Findings indicated that 8 (3.43%) of the participants were classified as severe internetaddicted, and 28.85% of them had a high level of academic procrastination. The results indicated that there was a positive and significant correlation between Internet addiction and academic procrastination (r=0.39, with p <0.01). Also, there was a positive correlation between academic procrastination dimensions (writing a term paper, studying for an exam, keeping up with weekly reading assignments, performing administrative tasks, attending meetings and performing academic tasks in general) and Internet addiction (r=0.22, r=0.32, r=0.21, r=0.29, r=0.33, and r=0.23, respectively, with p <0.01). Finally, the results revealed that male students and those living in the dormitory had a higher level of Internet addiction and procrastination compared to female ones
and those living at home (p <0.01).
Conclusion: The findings of the current research reveal that a considerable number of students have levels of Internet addiction and procrastination; the study highlights that students with high levels of Internet addiction are more likely to be at an increased risk of negative outcomes such as insufficiently controlled Internet use.- انتشار مقاله: 29-09-1398
- نویسندگان: ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,JAVAD KOJURI,MITRA AMINI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: self-efficacy,Medical students,Meta cognition
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Metacognitive strategies play an essential role in students’ learning and achievement; therefore, identifying their antecedents should be considered. This study indicated how self-efficacy, as motivational beliefs, affects the meta-cognitive strategies of medical students using a SEM approach.
Method: The present study was a quantitative cross-sectional research design, using a Smart-PLS 3 approach in which 225 medical students at Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were selected,
using simple random sampling. Pintrich and De Groot’s (1990) students’ self-efficacy for learning and performance questionnaire and metacognitive learning strategies questionnaire developed by Dowson and McInerney (2004) were used to collect data. The collected data were analyzed using SPSS 21 and PLS 3 software.
Results: The validity and reliability of research questionnaires were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The results showed self-efficacy had a positive and significant relationship with planning (r=0.24, P<0.001), monitoring (r=0.30, P<0.001) and regulating (r=0.31, P<0.001). Furthermore, self-efficacy had direct, positive and statistically significant effect on metacognitive learning strategies (β=0.42, P<0.001).
Conclusion: The findings suggest students who believe they are capable to learn and to do their academic tasks are more effective in adopting meta-cognitive strategies to achieve learning objectives than students who do not maintain such optimistic beliefs. Therefore, it is recommended that the officials of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences provide opportunities for strengthening the students’ self-efficacy and metacognitive learning strategies through providing training courses. In these courses students should be explicitly instructed how a specific learning strategy is adopted, why it is important and when and how it applies to the specific task.- انتشار مقاله: 28-11-1397
- نویسندگان: ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,KARIM SHATERI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Identification of the factors that promote academicperformance is of importance in the success rate of medical students.This study aimed to find the relationship between emotions,motivation and academic performance of medical students.Methods: This descriptive-correlative study was conductedamong 370 medical students in Shiraz University of MedicalSciences using convenience sampling. Academic emotionsquestionnaire (AEQ) including 75 items and college studentversion of work preference inventory including 30 items were usedto collect the data. The Cronbach’s alpha for the eight types ofacademic emotions ranged from 0.73 to 0.86, and for the intrinsicand extrinsic motivation it was 0.81 and 0.87, respectively. Thedata were analyzed using Pearson correlation, multiple regression,independent t-test and one-way ANOVA through SPSS, 14.Results: Results indicated a positive and significant correlationbetween positive emotions (enjoyment, hope, pride) and students’academic performance (r=0.37, r=0.27 and r=0.39, respectively,with p<0.01). A negative and significant correlation was foundbetween negative emotions (anger, anxiety, hopelessness, shameand boredom) with students’ academic performance (r=-0.15, r=-0.24, r=-0.23, r=-0.215 and r=-0.21, respectively, with p<0.01).There was a positive and significant correlation between intrinsicand extrinsic motivation and academic performance (r=0.63, r=0.14,with p<0.01, p<0.05, respectively). Emotions related to enjoyment,hope, pride, hopelessness, boredom and intrinsic motivation wereshown as the key predictors of students’ academic performance.Conclusion: The results of this study showed the key role ofmotivation and positive emotions in increasing medical students’academic performance.Keywords: Academic emotions, Motivation, Academic performance, Medicalstudents
- انتشار مقاله: 24-10-1396
- نویسندگان: ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,ASIEH SALEHI,JAVAD KOJURI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The information literacy status and the use ofinformation technology among students in the globalization age ofcourse plans are very momentous. This study aimed to evaluate theinformation literacy status and use of information technology amongmedical students of Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in 2013.Methods: This was a descriptive-analytical study with crosssectionalmethod. The study population consisted of all medicalstudents (physiopathology, externship and internship) studyingat Shiraz University of Medical Sciences. The sample size(n=310) was selected by systematic random sampling. Thetool of data gathering was LASSI questionnaire (assigned byAmerica research association) with 48 closed items in five-pointLIKERT scale. The questionnaire included two distinct parts ofdemographic questions and the information literacy skills basedon the standards of information literacy capacities for academiceducation. The content validity was acquired by professors’and experts’ comments. The reliability was also calculated byCronbach’s alpha (0.85). Data were analyzed in both descriptive(frequency- mean) and analytical level (t-test, analysis of variance)using SPSS 14 software.Results: 60.3% of the participants were females, and theremaining (29.7%) were males. The mean score of informationliteracy and its five subgroups among the students weren’t at adesirable level. The mean scores of information literacy foreducational grades from the highest to lowest belonged to theinternship, physiopathology and externship. The results showedthat the highest average was related to the effective access abilityto information among interns (9.27±3.57) and the lowest onewas related to the ability of understanding legal and economicalcases related with using information among externs (3.11±1.32).The results of ANOVA showed that there wasn’t a significantdifference between educational grades and information literacy.Finally, the result of independent t-test did not show a significantdifference between the two genders in information literacy.Conclusion: Regarding the importance of information literacy formedical students and undesirable status of information literacyamong students, the current educational plans will need to be revised.Keywords: Medical students; Information literacy; Technology; Medical informatics
- انتشار مقاله: 06-10-1395
- نویسندگان: LEILA BAZRAFKAN,ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,KARIM ABBASI,AGHDAS BAZRAFKAN,AZADAH ROHALAMINI,MOZHGAN FARDID
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: Research shows that there is a relationship betweenstudents’ perceptions of classroom and learning environment andtheir cognitive, affective, emotional and behavioral outcomes, so,in this study the relationship between medical students’ perceptionof learning environment and academic emotions was examined.Methods: The research method used was descriptive-correlative.The statistical population consisted of medical students of ShirazUniversity of Medical Sciences. Stratified sampling methodwas used to select 342 participants. They completed self-reportquestionnaires of Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure(DREEM) and Achievement Emotions Questionnaire (AEQ). Alldescriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlations and simultaneousmultiple regression were performed using SPSS 14 software.Results: Simultaneous multiple regression of the students’perceived learning environment on their academic achievementemotions showed that the perceived learning environment predictsthe students’ academic emotions.Conclusion: The results of this study revealed that caring forand supportive learning environment can increase the students’positive emotions and decrease their academic negative emotions(i.e. anxiety, shame, and hopelessness). Implications of the resultsare discussed.Keywords: Learning; Environment; Emotion; Medical students
- انتشار مقاله: 16-12-1395
- نویسندگان: NAEIMEH KOHOULAT,ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,MOHAMMAD REZA DEHGHANI,JAVAD KOJURI,MITRA AMINI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The importance of medical profession and therole of the physician in society is no secret to anyone. Skills andcompetencies in clinical practice are necessary for the medicalprofession. In fact, in patient care, doctors require practical skillsin addition to scientific knowledge. This study examines thepotentials of medical school students in three areas of doing theright thing, doing the right thing in an intermediate range, anddoing the right thing by the right person.Methods: This study was done in a descriptive-analytical andsectional model. The population of this study was all internsof Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who were passinginternship at Internal Medicine, Surgery, Pediatrics, Obstetrics andEmergency wards. About 100 persons were selected were selectedby simple randomization. In order to collect data, a questionnairewith 12 questions was designed in two parts. The questionnairewas approved by 7 Faculty members of Clinical Medicine andMedical Education, and its reliability was approved by test-retestmethod on 20 medical students in the form of a pilot study andthrough Cronbach’s alpha (82%). Collected data were analyzed bySPSS software version 14 using descriptive statistical methods.Results: Results showed that within the inner circle, internsevaluated their skills in surgery, internal medicine, andgynecology wards, intermediate and at other wards as weak. Alsowithin the center circle, interns evaluated adequate educationalevidence-based training in the field of medicine, and sufficiencyof educational training in the field of clinical decision making andclinical care as suitable.Conclusion: According to the results, it seems that medicalinterns’ skills in performing most medical skills are moderate.So teaching students by new educational methods and workshoptechniques, using experienced teachers will be effective. Theuse of clinical skills training centers and objective assessmentmethods for the students’ skills, especially before entering theclinical departments, is very important.Keywords: Student; Assessment; Clinical skills
- انتشار مقاله: 05-07-1394
- نویسندگان: MITRA AMINI,SAMANEH ABIRI,PARISA NABEIEI,SHIRIN GHANAVATI,ALI ASGHAR HAYAT,JAVAD KOJURI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: In the past 2 decades, research findings established achievementgoal theory as a powerful framework for conceptualizing difference in thequality of student’s engagement, persistence on task, and academic resilience.So the present study examined the relationship between achievement goalorientations and academic resilience.Method: Participants were 606 students (307 girls and 297 boys) selected fromShiraz high schools. They completed the Achievement Goals Questionnaireand Youth development Module Scale (RYDM). To analyze the data, therelationships between variables were examined, using Pearson product–moment correlations. Also simulanteous multiple regression was performedto investigate the prediction of academic resilience by achievement goalorientations. To examine the reliability and the validity of measures Cronbachalpha coefficient and factor analysis method were applied, respectively.Results: Simultaneous multiple regression of achievement goal orientationson academic resilience showed that “mastery-approach” was a significantpositive predictor of the “home care/high” and “peer care” subscales. Also,“performance-approach” was a significant, positive predictor of “home care/high”, and “school/community meaningful” was predicted by “performanceavoidance”positively.Conclusion: According to the findings, it seems that achievement goalorientation has a critical role in students’ academic achievement. Implications of the results are discussed in more details.Keywords: Resilience, Education, Goal orientation
- انتشار مقاله: 09-10-1392
- نویسندگان: BAHRAM JOWKAR,JAVAD KOJURI,NAEIMEH KOHOULAT,ALI ASGHAR HAYAT
- مشاهده