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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Bacteria,toxicity,Sorghum,Pyrene,Landfill leachate
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Pyrene is one of the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons that has carcinogenic, mutagenic and teratogenic effects for living organisms. Landfill leachate is another environmental pollutant that covers a wide range of pollutants, especially heavy metals. The simultaneous presence of two types of pollutants with organic and inorganic structures can increase their toxicity.
Methods: In this experimental study, the single and simultaneous effect of Landfill leachate and pyrene on plant growth parameters and the number of heterotrophic soil bacteria was investigated. The study was conducted for 90 days at concentrations of 150, 300, 500, 750 and 1000 mg/kg-1 of pyrene and percentages 0, 30, 50, 70 and 100% of landfill leachate.
Results: The results showed that after 90 days, the highest dry stem and root biomass were obtained in irrigation treatment with pyrene and Landfill leachate (Blank)-non-contaminated municipal water with quantities of 8.2 and 3.5 g, respectively; moreover, the lowest stem and root biomass related to the treatment were observed in the simultaneous presence of 30% leachate and pyrene with a concentration of 300 mg/kg-1 with quantities of 5 and 1.8 g, respectively. Leachate did not produce any biological toxicity at any of the surfaces used, but the use of pyrene at concentrations of 1500 mg/kg-1 and above reduced the number of heterotrophic bacteria. Conclusion: According to the results, the simultaneous presence of the two pollutants, pyrene and leachate, exacerbates the phytotoxicity due to possible interactions between them. Pyrene as a carbon source is decomposed by bacteria at low concentrations, but it inhibits metabolism and growth at high concentrations.- انتشار مقاله: 30-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Nasim Salehi,Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Mohammadreza Shirdarreh
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Degradation,Carbamazepine,Ozone,Aquatic Environment
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Carbamazepine is a pharmaceutical compound used as an anticonvulsant for epilepsy and can enter the environment by inappropriate treatment of hospital wastewater. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the removal of carbamazepine from the aquatic environment, using the ozonation process.
Methods: This is an experimental study in which certain concentrations of carbamazepine were removed, using the ozonation process. The effect of such factors as pH (3-11), carbamazepine concentration (5-15 ppm), ozone dose (200-400 mg/hr), and reaction time (15-180 seconds) on the removal efficiency was studied. Data analysis was performed to measure carbamazepine, using the High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC).
Results: The results showed that the carbamazepine removal efficacy at pHs of 5, 7, and 11 was 81%, 66%, and 21%, respectively at 15 ppm, the reaction time of 30 seconds, and the ozone dose of 200 mg/hr, respectively. Also, at the dose of 200 and 400 mg/hr injectable ozone at pHs of 5 and 7, removal efficiency was 81%, 66%, 97%, and 78%, respectively.
Conclusion: According to the results, at pH=5, reaction time of 30 seconds, the carbamazepine concentration of 15 ppm, injectable ozone dose of 200 mg/h, a removal efficiency of 81% was obtained. The ozonation process can react directly or indirectly with the drug contaminant in very low concentrations in aqueous solutions due to its high oxidation power, leading to its destruction or elimination, which may indicate that the ozonation method may be used as an effective method to remove carbamazepine and other similar contaminants.- انتشار مقاله: 15-07-1397
- نویسندگان: Khadijeh Darabi,Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Mansoureh Dehghani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Water,Nitrate,Removal,Fluoride,Electrochemical
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Simultaneous existence of excessive amounts of fluoride and nitrate in drinking water can cause health problems for humans. In this study, simultaneous removal of fluoride and nitrate from aqueous solutions was investigated using a combination of electroreduction and electrocoagulation processes in a batch reactor with different electrodes.
Methods: In this study, at first, an optimum electrode was selected. Afterward, the effects of different operating parameters such as the current density (12- 36 mA/cm2), initial pH (5.5-8.5), NaCl concentration (0.5-1.5gr/L), and electrolysis time (15-120 min), ) on the removal of fluoride (initial concentration: 6 mg/L) and nitrate (initial concentration: 150 mg/) were evaluated, respectively.
Results: The highest efficiency of the concurrent fluoride and nitrate removal with Al-Cu electrode and in optimal experimental conditions of the current density of 36 mA/cm2, pH of 7, NaCl concentration of 1gr/L, and electrolysis time of 90 minutes was obtained 87.04 and 89.70%, respectively.
Conclusion: High catalytic activity of the copper cathode resulted in better performance than other cathodes in the simultaneous removal of fluoride and nitrate. Generally, it can be concluded that the electrochemical process can reduce the levels of fluoride and nitrate to the amounts below the WHO standard limits, 1.5 mg/L and 50 mg/L, respectively.- انتشار مقاله: 05-11-1396
- نویسندگان: Mohammad Reza Samaei,Razieh Ashoori,Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Saeed Yousefinejad
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: UV,Photolysis,Atrazine,Photo-degradation
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Atrazine is one of the most widely used chlorinated herbicides with properties, such as sustainability in soil and ability to penetrate into water sources. This study aimed to investigate the photo-degradation of atrazine using ultraviolet ray and to identify its by-products.
Methods: The efficiency of atrazine removal under UV irradiation with a power of 6-125 watts was investigated and some effective parameters, such as initial concentration (10-100 mg/l) and pH (3-5), were studied during the radiation period (5-90 minutes). In all experiments, the volume of the solution used in 250-ml Erlenmeyer flask was 100 ml. After all, the final and by-products produced during this process were identified by mass gas chromatography.
Results: The results showed that the removal efficiency did not change significantly by increasing pH. With increasing lamp power from 6 to 125 watts at one hour, the degradation efficiency increased by 24.5%, 23.5%, and 29.7% at concentrations of 10, 30, and 50 mg/l, respectively. Also, by increasing time from 5 to 15 minutes under the 125-watt radiation, the removal efficiency increased from 45.6 to 96.8%. Examining the results of mass gas chromatography revealed that atrazine photolysis process progressed towards the mineralization of atrazine. Accordingly, organic chlorine transformed to chlorine ion and organic nitrogen involved in ammonium and nitrate molecules.
Conclusion: Overall, the results indicated that photolysis at the wavelength of 254 nm could be used along with other purification methods to completely remove atrazine and simultaneously disinfect contaminated water sources.- انتشار مقاله: 18-07-1396
- نویسندگان: Zohre Moeini,Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Saeed Yousefinejad,Shima Bahrami
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background:Air pollutants have harmful impacts on human health and aggravation of diseases and mortality. This study was conducted to investigate the impact of PM10, NO2, SO2, and O3 on cardiovascular and respiratory mortality and hospital admissions in Shiraz during 2012-2013.Methods: The health impact of pollutants was quantified using AirQ2.2.3 model provided by WHO Regional Office-European Center for Environment and Health. In addition, Generalized Additive Model (GAM) in R was used to investigate the relationship between pollutants and disease and mortality.Results:According to the results of quantification with WHO’s default values for Baseline Incidence (BI) and Relative Risk (RR) as well as the number of hospital admissions related to PM10 (1,375 cases in 2012 and 874 ones in 2013), it has been observed that respiratory diseases have had the highest health impacts. On the other hand, an assessment using regional values for BI and RR indicated that the highest health impacts were related to respiratory diseases due to exposure to O3 with 134 and 252 cases in 2012 and 2013, respectively. Moreover, significant relationships were observed among PM10, NO2, and O3 and respiratory mortality, hospital admissions due to cardiovascular diseases, and hospital admissions due to respiratory diseases in patients aging 65 years and older.Conclusion:Overall, the results showed that due to different geographical, statistical, and climatic features of each region, WHO’s default values for BI and RR cannot be used normally in some cases. Thus, calculated BI and RR values should be used for such cases. However, further research is needed to assess the health impacts of air pollutants in terms of BI and RR specific to the study region.
- انتشار مقاله: 03-10-1396
- نویسندگان: Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Aezam Mohammadi Mohammadi,Abbas Shahsavani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: heavy metals,Hydrogen peroxide,Fenton,Wastewater sludge
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: High amount of heavy metals in sludge is one of the major obstacles to its use on farms. The present study aimed to investigate the possibility of leaching heavy metals from wastewater sludge by Fenton method and determine the optimum level of parameters, such as iron, hydrogen peroxide, time, and pH for Fenton reaction. Methods: The effects of various parameters, such as pH (2-9), hydrogen peroxide concentration (0.5-6 g/l), Fe concentration (0.5-4 g/l), and leaching time (5-60 min), were studied. Results: The results showed that the optimal condition for leaching of heavy metals occurred at pH of 2 3, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 3 g/l, iron concentration of 2 g/l, and leaching time of 15 min. Under these optimal conditions, 92% of Zn, 100% of Cd, 100% of Pb, and 80% of Cu were leached from the wastewater sludge. Conclusions: Fenton method can leach heavy metals from wastewater sludge through decomposition of organic materials at H2O2/Fe ratio of 1.5:2.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-05-1394
- نویسندگان: Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Rabieh Hoseini,Mansoureh Dehghani
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Health Sciences and Surveillance System
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Arsenic removal,aqueous solutions,Iron waste,Arsenite
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Contamination of water with arsenic has attracted the researchers’ attention as a global problem in recent years and has been observed in some parts of Iran. The purpose of this study is to assess the efficiency of welding iron waste in removing arsenic from aqueous solutions. Methods: In this study, the effects of different parameters, such as pH (3-9), initial concentration of arsenic (100-3000 μg/l), contact time (5-90min) and adsorbent dose (2.5-20 g/l), were studied. The final concentrations of arsenic were analyzed by atomic absorption. Results: The results indicated that at pH=3 and fixed dose of 1 g, arsenic removal efficiency of iron waste was 89.73%. By increasing the pH to 7, the removal efficiency increased to 96.44%. Also, an increase in the amount of iron waste from 2.5 to 10g/l, the removal rate increased from about 42.37% to 96.70%. For contact times of 5 and 30 minutes, the removal rate was 9% and 96.62%, respectively. Then, with increasing the contact time to 90 minutes, the removal rate increased to 99.24%. Correlation coefficient of Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms for As(III) was 0.7593 and 0.9979, respectively . Conclusion: The results of the study showed that welding iron waste has a high potential as an effective, fast and cheap method for removal of arsenate and arsenite from aqueous solutions.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-08-1393
- نویسندگان: Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor,Roya Nikmanesh,Mohammad Reza Samaei
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of School Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: safety,Shiraz,Environment Health,Public and Private Schools
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: The environmental health of schools is included all activities that have a direct effect on preservation of student’s health and the prevention of the diseases’ transmission and promotion of the level of the environmental health of schools. Objectives: This cross-sectional study was conducted to evaluate the environmental health and safety status of public and private schools of Shiraz city, Iran, in 2014. Materials and Methods: The total number of schools was included 1055 public schools and 490 private schools. The multistage random stratification sampling was performed and samples of 752 schools were met. In order to collect data, a list based on form of regulation of school environmental health was used and 74 questions were selected and the data were analyzed using the SPSS software version 19. Results: The results showed that there was no proper health buffet in 43% of the public schools and 65% of the private schools. Also, only 17% of total schools had a hygiene educator. In terms of availability to equipment and tools, 90% of the public schools and 96% of the private schools had proper conditions. In terms of security and safety, 71% of the public schools and 73% of the private schools had proper conditions. Conclusions: With regard to these findings, it can be concluded that the separately investigation of environmental health status and security of schools at all four areas is necessary.
- انتشار مقاله: 11-10-1348
- نویسندگان: Rabieh Hoseini,Abooalfazl Azhdarpoor
- مشاهده