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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: risk factors,Waterpipe smoking,Students,adolescence,Social cognitive theory
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Explaining the risk factors of waterpipe smoking (WS) is very necessary in prevention programs. The aim of this study was determining the risk factors and the prevalence of WS in adolescents based on the social cognitive theory (SCT).
Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among urban adolescents in two provinces located in the South East of Iran. We recruited 1,218 adolescents (girls=595 and boys=623) through multistage sampling during the period October 2017 to February 2018. The data collection tool was a self-administered standardized questionnaire that included basic baseline characteristics, SCT constructs items and questions about WS behavior in the participants. The data were analysed using SPSS software version 22.0.
Results
The ever use prevalence of WS in boys was 43.8% (n= 264), and in girls 27% (n=160). WS in family member (OR=1.87, CI: 1.32-2.63; p<0.001) and intimate friends (OR=2.34, CI: 1.70- 2.26; p<0.001) were the most important risk factors for adolescents. In the relation of WS with constructs of SCT: outcome expectations (OR=0.64, 95% CI: 0.50-0.84; p<0.001), outcome expectancy, (OR=0.65, 95% CI: 0.55-0.85; p=0.002) self-efficacy, (OR=0.30, 95% CI: 0.23- 0.41; p<0.001), and situational perception (OR=0.63, 95% CI: 0.47- 0.84: p=0.002) were the most important and related factors of WS. Boys were 1.92 times (OR: 1.06 – 2.43; p<0.001) more exposed to water-pipe smoking than girls.
Conclusion
The prevalence of WS was notable in students especially in boys. Peer group and family are important risk factors for tendency toward WS in adolescence. Also, lower score in SCT constructs such as knowledge, self-efficacy and situational perception in adolescents are important risk factors for WS in participants.- انتشار مقاله: 04-03-1398
- نویسندگان: Mohammadreza Rajabalipour,Hadi Khoshab,Mohammad Reza Baneshi,Nouzar Nakhaee,Hamid Sharifi,Fateme Tavakoli,Abedin Iranpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Pediatrics
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: children,Complementary Feeding,mothers,Social cognitive theory
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Complementary Feeding between 6 and 24 months of age underlies nutritional habits in adulthood which can be formed by mothers through these habits. This study was conducted in Kerman aiming to apply the social cognitive theory (SCT) in feeding practices of mothers for their children aged 6 to 24 months.
Materials and Methods
This quasi-experimental study, controlled before and after, was conducted in Kerman health centers on 170 mothers with children aged 6 to 24 months, who were selected by multistage random sampling. The data collection tool was a valid and reliable questionnaire which was completed by mothers before and one month after the intervention. Interventions were implemented for 45 days through four sessions. In the intervention program; presentations, booklets, pamphlets, focus group discussions, role playing, demonstrations, and self-control cards were used. Also, bean sprouts were given to mothers and individual counseling was provided. The data were analyzed using SPSS software version 22.0.
Results: Social cognitive theory constructs including knowledge, outcome expectations, outcome expectancies, situational perception, the environment, self-efficacy and self-control could have significant effect on feeding practices of mothers for children (P <0.05). The intervention caused significant changes in the SCT constructs and feeding practices particularly, changes in environment and situational perception had the greatest impact on behavior change (P <0.05).
Conclusion
Use of the SCT theory for community-based interventions in the studied population programs or regions with similar cultural backgrounds is effective.- انتشار مقاله: 20-09-1396
- نویسندگان: Hamideh Anjomshoa,Moghadameh Mirzai,Abedin Iranpour
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: International Journal of Health Policy and Management
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Iran,HIV,Kerman,Stigma,healthcare providers
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background
Stigmatizing attitudes among healthcare providers are an important barrier to accessing services among people living with HIV (PLHIV). This cross-sectional study aimed to assess the status and correlates of HIV-related stigma among healthcare providers in Kerman, Iran.
Methods
Using a validated and pilot-tested stigma scale questionnaire, we measured HIV-related stigma among 400 healthcare providers recruited from three teaching hospitals (n = 363), private sectors (n = 28), and the only voluntary counseling and testing (VCT) center (n = 9) in Kerman city. Data were gathered using self-administered questionnaires at participants’ workplace during Fall 2016. To examine the correlates of stigmatizing attitudes, we constructed bivariable and multivariable linear regression models.
Results
The mean ± standard deviation (SD) of stigma score was 25.95 ± 7.20 out of the possible 50, with higher scores reflecting more stigmatizing attitudes. Paramedics, nurses’ aides, and housekeeping staff had the highest, and VCT personnel had the lowest average stigma scores, respectively. Multivariable regression analyses showed that prior experience of working with PLHIV (β = -2.48; P = .03), exposure to HIV-related educational courses (β = -2.03; P = .02), and P < .001) were associated with lower stigma scores.
Conclusion
Our findings highlight the need for health managers to provide training opportunities for healthcare providers, including programs that focus on improving HIV-related knowledge for healthcare providers. Enforcing policies that aim to reduce HIV-related stigma and discrimination among healthcare providers in Iran are urgently needed.- انتشار مقاله: 02-07-1397
- نویسندگان: Fatemeh Tavakoli,Mohammad Karamouzian,Ali Ahmad Rafiei-Rad,Abedin Iranpour,Mehrdad Farrokhnia,Mehdi Noroozi,Ali Sharifi,Brandon D.L. Marshall,Mostafa Shokoohi,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Drivers,Trucks,Drug abuse,Alcoholism,Network scale up
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Heavy vehicle drivers spend a great deal of time away from their families. This issue and other difficulties around their job may increase risky behaviors among them. The current study aims to investigate the prevalence of opium drugs, stimulants, cannabis, and alcohol use 12 hours before driving among heavy vehicle drivers. Methods: We selected two sites that were in charge of medical examination of drivers and recruited 363 drivers of heavy vehicles (trucks, trailers, and buses). We asked drivers about total number of drivers they knew and number of drivers who experienced use of different types of drugs. The data were analyzed using Network Scale Up Method (NSUM). Findings: Mean of age and job experience was 43.28 ± 10.04 years and 16.07 ± 9.67 years, respectively. The highest and lowest prevalence of drug use related to opium-based drugs at 12.8% to 14.0% and simulants at 1.97% to 2.84%, respectively. The prevalence of alcohol use 12 hours before driving was 4%. Conclusion: 12-hour before driving prevalence of opium-based drugs among drivers was high. This might put them in higher risk of road accidents. There is a need to design appropriate educational programs for them.
- انتشار مقاله: 25-10-1398
- نویسندگان: Milad Ahmadi-Gohari,Farzaneh Zolala,Abedin Iranpour,Mohammad Reza Baneshi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Homeless youth,alcohol drinking,Injections,Logistic models
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Alcohol use and drug injection are prevalent among homeless youths. The aim of this study was
to identify the associated factors of alcohol consumption and drug injection among homeless youths aged
18-29 years.
Methods: Data on 202 homeless youths (111 males and 91 females) were collected using a standardized
questionnaire and face-to-face interview. Lasso logistic regression was applied to determine the impact of
associated factors on alcohol consumption and drug injection.
Findings: The mean age of the participants was 26.30 ± 3.19 years. Also, the prevalence of alcohol
consumption and drug injection was 33.0% [95% confidence interval (CI): 30-36] and 4.0% (95% CI: 0-8),
respectively; 6 people (3.0%) consumed alcohol and injected drugs at the same time. Correlates of alcohol
consumption and drug injection were male sex [odds ratio (OR)Alc = 5.7], age (ORAlc = 0.96 and ORDI = 0.98),
bachelor or higher education level (ORAlc = 1.34), non-Iranian nationality (ORAlc = 0.05 and ORDI = 0.18),
food score (ORDI = 0.92), smoking (ORAlc = 2.05), substance use (ORAlc = 1.12), opposite sex relationship
(ORAlc = 1.6), homosexual relationship (ORAlc = 3.56 and ORDI = 2.69), and mental disorder (ORAlc = 0.99).
Conclusion: Based on our findings, it seems that the homeless youth are more desired to use alcohol and drug
injection, whereas the prevalence of alcohol consumption and drug injection in homeless youth was higher
than general youth population in Iran. Therefore, some suitable solutions are needed to prevent the
homelessness. Also, the effective variables that were identified in this study for alcohol use and drug injection
can help design and implement beneficial interventions.
- انتشار مقاله: 17-09-1398
- نویسندگان: Abolfazl Hosseinnataj,Abbas Bahrampour,Mohammad Reza Baneshi,Samira Poormorovat,Glayol Ardalan,Farzaneh Zolala,Naser Nasiri,Jasem Zarei,Ghazal Mousavian,Abedin Iranpour,Hamid Sharifi
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Alcohol abuse,Alcohol-related disorders,Humans,Health
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: In the early decades of the 20th century, discussions regarding alcohol were dominantly directed toward its
therapeutic uses, but authorities now state that any level of alcohol consumption poses negative effects on
health. Over recent months, increased attention has been devoted to disease burdens attributable to alcohol
use worldwide. As more and more studies are conducted to illuminate the harmful effects of alcohol on
different body systems, the mounting evidence generated requires documentation and publication. The
current review was aimed at providing an overview of the recent literature on the adverse consequences of
alcohol consumption.
- انتشار مقاله: 10-04-1398
- نویسندگان: Abedin Iranpour,Nouzar Nakhaee,Masoud Moghadari,Haleh Tajeddini
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Addiction and Health
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: Substance abuse,Students,Risk Behavior,Adolescent
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: Adolescence is the age of increased sensation-seeking and risk-taking. To prevent such behaviors, the adolescent tendency to engage in high-risk behaviors must be measureable. This study aimed to develop a questionnaire about risk-taking tendencies among Iranian students.Methods: This study was conducted using cluster sampling of the tenth-grade students in three cities in Kerman province, Iran. The students were assured that the questionnaires would remain anonymous and unlinked. Construct validity was assessed using exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and comparison of known groups. Corrected item-scale correlation and Cronbach's alpha were calculated to evaluate reliability.Findings: A total of 551 high school students participated in this study. Of these, 57 were excluded after checking the “non-existent drug” item (10.3%). Girls accounted for 49.2% of the sample. Of the 33 initial questions, 13 were removed due to factor loading of less than 0.5. Two factors were extracted using the scree plot (“drug abuse tendency" and "other risky behavior tendency"). The tendency toward high-risk behavior was significantly higher in male students than in female ones (P < 0.001). This indicates the known group validity of the questionnaire. The Cronbach's alpha of the above-mentioned factors were 0.93 and 0.83, respectively.Conclusion: The questionnaire measuring the tendency toward high-risk behavior among students showed acceptable validity and reliability.
- انتشار مقاله: 07-03-1397
- نویسندگان: Ali Bahramnejad,Abedin Iranpour,Mashallah Karbakhsh,Nouzar Nakhaee
- مشاهده