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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: The newly deceased patients have long been usedin medical schools to teach clinical skills without any challengesas it helps to train skilled doctors. Nowadays, the use of moulagesand simulators are common in teaching clinical skills since thesetools provide the opportunity for frequent practice without anypain and injury. There are specific procedures which still requirethe use of cadavers. However, the increased significance ofpatient rights has generally challenged the practicality of usingthe deceased bodies for this purpose. This study was designedwith the aim of determining to what extent clinical skill trainingis dependent on the recently deceased patients.Methods: This was a cross-sectional mixed-method triangulationdesign conducted in two phases. In the first phase, a researcher-madequestionnaire was used to collect quantitative data of the medicalstudents and residents. The data were used to assess the frequencyof experience. In the second stage, semi-structured interviews wereconducted with faculty members and fellows in order to evaluatethe educational impact of this type of procedure and the influentialfactors. The quantitative data were analyzed using statisticalsoftware, and the qualitative codes were extracted following acontent analysis. Finally, a comparative analysis was performed.Results: Twenty five residents (26%) and seven medical students(14%) had the experience of performing procedures on therecently deceased patients for training purposes. About half ofthe residents and 33% of the medical students had observed theircolleagues practicing procedures on cadavers. In the qualitativephase, the main categories included professional ethics, law andeducational requirements.Conclusion: A relatively low number of medical students andresidents had experienced procedures on the newly deceasedpatients. In this regard, ethical, religious and legal concerns mighthave played a part despite the desire to learn. It would be effectiveto direct these educational experiences toward proceduresthat cannot be mastered through moulages and simulators, andto lay the legal and executive ground so that performing theseprocedures under the supervision of professors, and with a levelof documentation would have no legal challenges.Keywords: Cadaver, Learning, Clinical skills, Ethics
- انتشار مقاله: 11-02-1396
- نویسندگان: MAHBOOBEH SABER,SEYED ALI ENJOO,ALI MAHBOUDI,SEYED ZIAADIN TABEI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Journal of Advances in Medical Education and Professionalism
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی:
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction: It has been found that the decision-making process in medicine is affected, to a large extent, by one’s experience, individual mentality, previous models, and common habitual approaches, in addition to scientific principles. Evidence-based medicine is an approach attempting to reinforce scientific, systematic and critical thinking in physicians and provide the ground for optimal decision making. In this connection, the purpose of the present study is to find out to what extent the education of evidence based medicine affects clinical decision making.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was carried out on 110clinical residents, who started their education in September, 2012 and finally 62 residents filled out the questionnaires. The instrument used was a researchermade questionnaire containing items on four decision-making approaches. The questionnaire was used both as a pre-test and a post-test to assess the residents’ viewpoints on decision making approaches. The validity of the questionnaire was determined using medical education and clinical professionals’ viewpoints, and the reliability was calculated through Chronbach alpha; it was found to be 0.93. The results were analyzed by paired t-test using SPSS, version 14.Results: The results demonstrated that evidence-based medicine workshopsignificantly affected the residents’ decision-making approaches (p<0.001).The pre-test showed that principles-based, reference-based and routinemodel-based approaches were more preferred before the program (p<0.001). However, after the implementation of the program, the dominant approaches used by the residents in their decision making were evidence-based ones.Conclusion: To develop the evidence-based approach, it is necessary foreducational programs to continue steadily and goal-orientedly. In addition, the equipment infrastructure such as the Internet, access to data bases, scientific data, and clinical guides should develop more in the medical departments.Keywords: Clinical, Evidence-based medicine, Decision making, Resident
- انتشار مقاله: 07-07-1393
- نویسندگان: ZAHRA KARIMIAN,JAVAD KOJOURI,MOHAMMAD MAHDI SAGHEB,ALI MAHBOUDI,MAHBOOBEH SABER,MITRA AMINI,MOHAMMAD REZA DEHGHANI
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: Future of Medical Education Journal
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: reliability,validity,360 degree assessment,Anesthesiology
- چکیده:
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background: In the recent decades, worldwide attentions were increased in many countries for example North America and Europe to evaluate physician’s performance and become a necessity. The purpose of this study was to translate and determine the validity and reliability of the Persian version of the 360-degree assessment for anesthesiology residents. It consists of different domains to measure the general capabilities including communication and interpersonal skills, professionalism and residents’ clinical care skills.
Methods: In this study, we used the questionnaire developed by Calgary University in Canada for the psychometric features. All second and third year residents who were actively engaged in anesthetic induction and were in close contact with their professors were chosen. The raters included five groups of faculty members, operation room staff (senior anesthetic technicians and recovery room nurses), residents’ colleagues, patients and residents themselves (self-assessment).
Results: Cronbach's alpha coefficient for each questionnaire was over 0.80. Regarding the construct validity, the correlation between the items constituting each domain and the domain itself was over 0.40. We found a statistically significant difference between the colleagues and patients’ viewpoints. Considering clinical care, we also found a statistically significant difference between the faculty members and patients’ viewpoints. No statistically significant difference was found between the raters’ viewpoints.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the Persian version of 360-degree scale is a practical and effective assessment tool with proper reliability and validity to measure the residents’ competence. It is suggested to be applied in other specialties to get more definite results.- انتشار مقاله: 15-05-1397
- نویسندگان: Mansoor Masjedi,Razieh Neshatavar,Ali Mahboudi,Leila Moeini
- مشاهده