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کاربرد نوع شرط:
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: فصلنامه تحقیقات فرهنگی ایران
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: شهر,زمینه,زمینهگرایی,شهر نشاندار
- چکیده: در شهرهای عصر حاضر که اجزای آن بهطور مداوم افزوده شده و دستخوش تحولات متعددی میشوند، سازوکار انسجام شهر در تمامی وجوه، اعم از اجتماعی ـ فرهنگی، کالبدی و زیباییشناختی با مشکلات فراوانی روبهرو است. برای پیشگیری از ظهور و تشدید چندگانگی در ساختارهای همنشین شهری که طی قرون متمادی شکل گرفتهاند، بالا بردن تواناییها و مهارتها برای دربرگیری و تلفیق این اجزای نوظهور و گاه پراکنده در یک کل منسجم و معنادار ضروری است.این نوشتار بر آن است که به شناخت فرایندهای انسجام ساختارهای جدید در شهر و رفع تقابل ویژگیهای شهرها در گذشته با شهرهای توسعهیافتة جدید بپردازد که این مهم از طریق بازشناسی بخشهای پایدار در تغییر و تداوم نظامهای نشانهای در گذر زمان و با تأکید بر زمینة بروز و ظهور آنها صورت میگیرد. تبدیل ساختارهای چندگانه به ساختاری منسجم، نیازمند آگاهی از نشانداری در شهرها است. لذا در این پژوهش، دستیابی به روشی برای بررسی و اخذ نشانهها و طبقهبندی آنها در یک نظام نشانهای که از فرهنگ، باورها، تاریخ و ارزشهای حاکم بر جامعه و سایر موضوعهای مرتبط نشئت میگیرد، با تأکید بر زمینهگرایی نشانههای شهری بهمثابه رهیافت اصلی، مورد نظر است.
- چکیده انگلیسی: The components of current cities , step by step have been increased, and undergone numerous change, the mechanism of city integration in total aspects including social, cultural, physical and aesthetical features encountering to numerous change. To prevent the emergence and intensification of ambivalence in urban adjacent structures that were formed over centuries, raising abilities and skills for including and integration performance of such emerging and sporadic component in a coherent and meaningful whole is essential. This paper attempting to recognize the process of new structure integration in cities and resolving the opposition of cities features in the past by new developments. Such process take place by recognizing of instable parts for changing and continuing of signs system in time span or emphasizing on their emergence context. Conversion of multilateral structure in to the integrated structure, necessitate understanding of markedness in cities. Therefore in this research accessing to a method for evaluation and finding signs and their classification in a sign system which is originating from culture, believes, history, and ruling value on society and other related affairs, is considered by emphasizing on contextualization of city signs.
- انتشار مقاله: 14-07-1389
- نویسندگان: حمید ماجدی,زهرا سادات سعیده زرآبادی
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: علوم و تکنولوژی محیطزیست
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: باززنده سازی,پارک همسایگی,ارتقا کیفیت محیطی,محله هفت چنار,پارک امید
- چکیده: زمینه و هدف: باززنده سازی پارک امید با هدف ارتقای کیفیت محیطی و طراحی پایدار صورت پذیرفته است. روش بررسی: برای دست یابی به هدف اصلی که باززنده سازی و ارتقای کیفیت محیط پارک امید است، پس از بازدید میدانی، به مطالعه، جمع آوری موارد مشابه و بررسی کتابخانهای پیرامون هدف پرداخته شد. با استناد به مراجع مرتبط داده های پایه ای مورد نیاز محدوده مطالعاتی تهیه گردید. سامانه داده های جغرافیایی(GIS) ابزاری است که در تحلیل داده های اولیه مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و دست آوردهای آن در فرآیند طراحی بهره گرفته شد. برای شناسایی نیاز و دیدگاه ساکنین و کاربران سایت پرسش نامه هایی تنظیم و توسط ذی نفعان طرح تکمیل گردید. باتوجه به تحلیل داده های مکانی و نظرات کاربران نقاط ضعف، قوت، فرصت و تهدید محدودهی مطالعاتی در این روند شناخته شد و در جدول swot قرار گرفت تا مورد تحلیل قرار گیرد. روند تحقیق حاضر علاوه بر بهره گیری از شیوه کیفی، رویکردهای کمی را نیز مد نظر قرار داده است و از این رو روش تحقیق این مقاله ترکیبی محسوب می گردد. یافتهها: رویکرد باززنده سازی استفاده از شیوه هایی برای بهبود و بازیابی پارک های آسیب دیده و تخریب شده، با هدف پایداری و ارتقای محیطی است، از این رو مطالب و معیار های به دست آمده چون ویژگی های فرهنگی، اجتماعی، اقتصادی، اقلیمی، استانداردهای پارک های همسایگی پایدار جهت طراحی مورد استفاده قرار گرفت و گونه های گیاهی مناسب و طرح متناسب با اهداف باززنده سازی ارایه گردید. این طرح ها می تواند علاوه بر کاهش هزینه نگهداری کیفیت محیطی را ارتقا بخشید و بر میزان رضایت مردم بیافزاید. بحث و نتیجه گیری: دست آورد نهایی این پژوهش می تواند به عنوان راهکاری برای شیوه ی مناسب طراحی پارک های همسایگی به دلیل اهمیت آنان در جذب ساکنین محلی و افزایش ارزش پایداری محیط ومنظر شهری در واحد همسایگی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Background and Purpose: Omid Park renovation has been performed in order to increase the environmental quality and sustainable design. Method: In order to achieve the main goal, which is to revitalize and improve the quality of the environment of Omid Park, after a field visit, similar items were studied, collected and the libraries around the goal were examined. Based on the relevant references, the basic data required for the study area were prepared. Geographic data system (GIS) is a tool that was used in the analysis of primary data and its achievements were used in the design process. To identify the needs and views of residents and users of the site, questionnaires were prepared and completed by the project stakeholders. According to the analysis of spatial data and users' opinions, the weaknesses, strengths, opportunities and threats of the study area in this process were identified and placed in the SWOT table to be analyzed. The current research process, in addition to using the qualitative method, has also considered quantitative approaches and therefore the research method of this article is considered a combination. Findings: Regenerative approach includes improvements for damaged parks while increasing stability and environmental quality. Therefore, collected data analysis and resulting standards including cultural, social, economic, ethnicity impact and the neighboring parks standards were used for the design purposes. In addition to reducing maintenance costs, these plans can improve the quality of the environment and increase people's satisfaction. Discussion and conclusion: The result of this research can be used as a quality standard for neighborhood park designs. These designs can increase the population living in the area as well as the long-term value of a sustainable environment and urban landscape.
- انتشار مقاله: 29-09-1395
- نویسندگان: نگار فروزش,سارا نهیبی,زهرا سادات سعیده زرآبادی
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: پژوهشهای روستائی
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: سکونتگاههای روستایی,مدل Topsis,دماوند,توسعة منطقهای
- چکیده: سیاستهای توسعه در کشور طی چند دهة اخیر به نابسامانی مناطق و تخلیة گستردة آبادیها و تشدید نابرابریهای منطقهای دامن زدهاند. مدیریت هدفمند و بهینه بهمنظور پویاسازی فعالیت، و استفاده از منابع نقطهای و پراکنده در سطح سرزمین از راهکارهایی هستند که منجر به جلوگیری از مهاجرتهای بیرویه و نظمدهی به الگوی ارتباط سکونتگاههای روستایی با شبکة نظام شهری میشوند. ازاینرو، پژوهش حاضر به بررسی سطح برخورداری از امکانات و خدمات سکونتگاههای روستایی در شهرستان دماوند برمبنای رویکردهای جدید و اثباتشده در سطح جهانی ـازجمله رویکرد شبکة منطقهایـ میپردازد. این رویکردها راهکارهای توسعه را با توجه به امکانات موجود در ناحیه درنظر میگیرند و پیوند آن را با توسعة منطقهای و ملی مطرح میکنند. فرایند تجزیه و تحلیل سکونتگاههای روستایی و میزان اهمیت شاخصهای مطرحشده، با استفاده از تکنیک topsis و روش تحلیل عاملی صورت گرفت. نتیجة حاصل از تحقیق نشان میدهد که سکونتگاههای روستایی شهرستان دماوند فاقد توزیع بهینة جمعیت و فعالیت در سطح ناحیه هستند و ادامة این روند تخلیة تدریجی این سکونتگاهها را بهدنبال خواهد داشت. در پایان نیز با توجه به موقعیت و توانمندی سکونتگاههای روستایی، الگوی مناسبی برای ارائة خدمات و ایجاد پیوند بین سکونتگاههای روستایی- شهری معرفی شده است.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Extended Abstract
Introduction
In the past decades, development policies in the country have caused negative
effects on regions. These policies have caused the mass evacuation of rural
settlement and the imbalance hierarchy of settlements. The reflect of these policies
are visible in the rapid and uneven growth of large cities and eliminate loops linking
between cities and rural settlements from the highest levels, to lower ones. Survey
the development on the rural community in past shows that the rural sectors faced
with the basic difficulty in the socio-economic and ecological aspects in national and
local levels, so that the continuity of this situation confronts them with problems
such as intensifying of regional in equalities, massive evacuation of human and
financial resources in villages, declining in per capital food production and emerging
food crisis, accumulation of population in urban communities, extension of
marginalization, unemployment and social damage. Present study with the purposes
of 1) prevent the rising trend of rural migration and make order of settlement pattern
in activity and population, 2) creation and establishment hierarchy in the settlement
of Damavand and 3) offer variety activities in rural settlements, consider these
questions: 1- What factors are effective in the optimal distribution of population and activities
in an area?
2- What is the order of spatial distribution settlements and their functions in the
Damavand district and which of Damavand settlements have the ability and
capability more for local and regional development?
In the survey of the spatial organization of ecologic-environmental areas in district
and regional levels, there are different perspectives and theories In order to achieve
the development of urban and rural settlements. These opinions have been entered in
some practical and theoretical cases.
Methodology
This research is investigating on policies that have been proven throughout the
world such as regional network to provide better facilities and services in rural
settlement of Damavand. These policies focus on using the present facilities and join
them to new strategies of regional and national development. The analysis process
of rural settlements and the importance of the proposed indicators are done by using
the Topsis technique and the Principal Component Analysis. For this purpose,
collecting information have done by attention to the national documents, and using
scientific articles, books, reports and available information in the organs and
government agencies. Other information is also provided by the processing of maps,
photographs and slides. The statistical society of this study includes 83 permanent
rural settlements of Damavand with more than3 families and 39 indicators according
to the Dimensions of the regional networks approach.
Results
The result of the study shows that Sarbandan, Vadan, Jaban, Marai, Sadat Mahaleh,
Arou, Mosha, Mehrabad, Seyd Abad, Garmabsard, Islam Abad and Ahran villages
with a score higher than 0.4 have been in grades 1 to 13 and Shater M. Sofla, Jafar
Abad, Mendank, Ajan, Jozdar, Homand Kouhan, Shah Belaghi, Hossein Abad,
Rostam Abad, Ozoun Dare, Saleh Abad, Gandak, Homnad Kylan and Yalaqan
Dareh villages with scoreless than 0.15 are located in the lower echelons of the rankings. According to the result of the ranking, some parts of the region that used
natural, economic, social and physical capabilities have more concentrated
population and boomed economic activities, which has been a high level of
development of settlements. However, the boom may be made by only one of the
basis strengths. For example in some parts, some rural such as Sarbandan and Jaban
in Abarshive district, Vadan in Jamabroud and Sadat Mahale in Abali district are
located adjacent to the communication paths. These villages, with use this features
and create service centers, have reached to a higher level of development.
On the other hand, some rural settlements are being evacuated by ignoring their
positive features and capabilities. These settlements can be pointed by rural villages
in the south part of the Mehrabad and villages in the central part of the Abarshive
and Jamabroud district.
Conclusion
Proper utilization of the natural, social, economic and physical factors has caused
boom economic activity, attract population and prevent irregular migration. These
conditions will make hierarchical order of rural settlements based on their power and
capabilities. Lack of proper communication between rural and urban settlements in
Damavand district have caused poor performance and low-density of rural
settlements. If good communication of manufacturing and service facilities exist
between adjacent settlements, it will help to link rural and urban settlements together
to get the better performance. In addition to, the complementary relationship
between activities of agriculture, industry and services provide the grounds of
further development. Finally, according to descriptions provided in settlements
classified; in order to access available services and facilities of rural settlements in
the district and promote the level of that, 4 System villages are suggested in this
essay.- انتشار مقاله: 18-03-1392
- نویسندگان: زهرا سادات سعیده زرآبادی,سوده سادات طباطبایی
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: پژوهشهای جغرافیای انسانی
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: تحلیل خوشهای,برنامهریزی منطقهای,توسعة خوشهای شهر,حوزههای شهری,.PROMETHEE
- چکیده: مناطق بهعنوان بستر سکونت و شکلگیری فعالیتهای شهری و روستایی، امروزه با چالشهای اساسی در زمینههای مختلف مواجه هستند؛ از اینرو برنامهریزی برای آنها امری مهم و اجتنابناپذیر است. توسعة خوشهای شهر، رویکردی شهر-محور است که برای دستیابی به توسعة اقتصادی و اجتماعی پایدار در مناطق پیشنهاد شده است. این رویکرد با بهرهگیری از هشت عامل کلیدی به شناسایی کانونهای شهری همگن و ارائة طرح توسعة مشترک در مناطق پرداخته و قابلیت عملکرد و فعالیت شهرها را با بررسی زمینههای مشترک ارزیابی میکند. هدف این پژوهش تبیین مدل مفهومی از ابعاد و شاخصهای مؤثر در این رویکرد و بررسی آن در بخشی از استان تهران است. براساس سوابق نظری، پیدایش خوشههای شهری با مفهوم حوزة شهری ارتباط دارد، اما از آنجا که شاخصهای مؤثر این مفهوم در دورههای زمانی مختلف و بنا به شرایط هر منطقه متفاوت است، حوزههای شهری در پنج الگو بررسی و ارتباط آن با عوامل کلیدی مشخص شده است. براساس تحلیل فوق، از هشت عامل مؤثر، چهار مورد در تشخیص خوشههای همگن و مابقی در طرح پیشنهادی قابلارائه است. این رویکرد در شش شهرستان غرب استان تهران با استفاده از روشهای تحلیلخوشهای و PROMETHEE بررسی شده است. نتایج حاصل نشان میدهد، بخشی از شهرستانهای مورد بررسی عملکرد و فعالیتی هماهنگ با یکدیگر دارند و تقسیم آنها به شهرستانهای مجزا بهدلیل نبود مدیریت یکپارچه نمیتواند موجب توسعة هماهنگ مناطق شود.
- چکیده انگلیسی: Introduction Today, regions face major challenges in various fields, so planning for them is important and inevitable. City cluster development is an urban-led approach that was proposed for achieving sustainable economic and social development in the regions. This approach utilizes eight key factors for identifying homogeneous urban centers for providing a joint development plan in the regions. The approach of CCD is a process of economic and social development which built-up a number of human settlements that linked together. CCD responds to the new patterns of urban growth, which are shifting from mono-centric to polycentric. Experiences show that at least eight key factors need to be assessed to determine whether or not to use CCD as an instrument for urban-led, inclusive economic and social development. Many of the key factors of the precedure are closely related. Therefore, efforts to achieve economic and social development through the CCD require a full understanding of various economic, social, institutional and technological resources. Therefore, the present study investigates the history of urban clusters and its relation with regional development. In urban and regional planning, the emergence of city clusters is linked to the concept of an “urban field,” which is composed of the economic and social influences emanating from a particular city. The present study, given the concept of urban field in different period times, investigates the dimensions and effective components of its recognition in five patterns. According to the study, four factors of the main approach will be considered in identifying urban clusters and the rest in planning time. Methodology An analysis of this approach is carried out at two levels: 1. The regional dimension includes the desired Districts. This section identifies which cities can be located in each cluster in terms of performance and activity. 2. The local dimension that includes the cities located in each cluster and their characteristics in four dimensions (demographic, social, economic and physical). To analyze the alternatives of this research, Cluster Analysis approach has been used at the regional level and the PROMETHEE technique in local level. Results and discussion The analysis of the results shows that the two main groups are within the scope of the study. The cluster one consists of Shahriar, Malard and Rabat-Karim Districts. According to the survey, the cities of this area have a good elevation, slope and climate, but only Baghestan and Ferdosiye have a suitable soil for agricultural activities; though there are some agricultural activities in some of these cluster cities like Shahriar and Malard. Furthermore, substantial industry activity is in some cluster cities (like Mallard). The proper activity for this area is agriculture and industry Cluster number 2 covering the districts of Islamshahr, Qods and Baharestan, which have a geographical distance from each other. This cluster includes Islamshahr, Chahardangeh, and other cities. The cities of this cluster have a good elevation, slope and climate, but they have no fertile soil. Therefore, the proper activity for this area is industry and services. The second matrix is based on the cities located in each cluster and they are ranked using Visual PROMHETEE software. This ranking takes into account two other important factors in regional planning, human and space. Mallard and Rabat Karim, ranked 2nd and 3rd, are in competition with the central city. Ranking of the second cluster shows that Chahar-Dange, Ghods and Islamshahr cities ranked one to three. Thus, the central city of this cluster is Chahar-Dange and Quds and Islam Shahr. Conclusion In this approach (city cluster development), regional development create through interconnected or separate urban areas. The link of urban centers in the form of urban clusters is related to economic and potential activities (from a natural and artistic perspective). If the areas are homogeneous in terms of dimensions and the studied indicators, planning for them will be implemented in the form of a joint development plan. The city centers in the study areas may already have been linked to a network of infrastructures. The present study examined this issue in part of Tehran province. Tehran province, as one of the most densely populated provinces of the country due to the establishment of the capital (Tehran city), has undergone many changes. The most important of these changes are the abstraction of Karaj and its subordinate cities, the emergence of Pardis, Ghods, Baharestan, and other cities into independent districts, the formation of new urban centers can create rural areas and new cities. Therefore, by the city cluster development approach with considering porter diamond model and effective factors in determining urban-fields, the administrative-political divisions analyzed and evaluated in the part of Tehran province. The results of the analysis show that the study areas have a coordinate activity and can be divided into separate areas and cannot lead to coordinated development.
- انتشار مقاله: 13-11-1396
- نویسندگان: سوده سادات طباطبائی,زهرا سادات سعیده زرآبادی,یوسفعلی زیاری,حمید ماجدی
- مشاهده
- جایگاه : پژوهشی
- مجله: هویت شهر
- نوع مقاله: Journal Article
- کلمات کلیدی: پایداری اجتماعی,بازآفرینی محله,محلات ناکارآمد شهری
- چکیده: پایداری اجتماعی یکی از ابعاد سه گانه توسعه پایدار و بازآفرینی یکی از متأخرترین رویکردهای مواجهه با مسائل و مشکلات محلات شهری، است. هدف این مقاله، تبیین ابعاد و مؤلفههای بازآفرینی محلات شهری و اصول کلان و سیاست های پشتیبان آن با رویکرد ارتقاء پایداری اجتماعی است. روش تحقیق، بر مبنای مطالعات اسنادی بوده، ضمن بهرهگیری از روش دلفی، با استفاده از دیدگاه خبرگان، امتیازدهی به 4 بعد و 21 عامل مستخرج از مبانی نظری انجام، تحلیل و مدل بازآفرینی محله با رویکرد پایداری اجتماعی ارائهشده است. یافته های تحقیق حاکی از آن است اصول تبیین شده بازآفرینی محلات شهری با رویکرد پایداری اجتماعی در قالب چهار دسته کالبد و محیطزیست پایدار، اجتماع پایدار، اقتصاد پایدار و حکمروایی صورتبندی شده است. درنهایت سیاستهای 32 گانه پشتیبان در راستای تحقق پایداری اجتماعی در فرآیند بازآفرینی محله و مدل پیشنهادی که ترتیب عاملهای هر بعد آن معنیدار است، ارائه شد
- چکیده انگلیسی: Declined urban neighborhoods are those parts of cities that failed to establish a balanced economic, social, and functional relationship with the rest of the city during the industrialization and urban development process. Indicators of urban poverty and deteriorated quality of life are visible in such neighborhoods. Actually these declined areas do not have the ability to compete or exchange economic, social or cultural benefits with other part of cities and other urban areas without government support. Social sustainability is a manifestation of sustainable development, which in recent years has gained increased recognition as a fundamental component of sustainable development, beginning to receive political and institutional endorsement within the sustainable development agenda, and the sustainable urban regeneration discourse.Moreover, regeneration is considered as one of the most significant, most effective approaches to improve and renovate urban neighborhoods. Urban regeneration tackles "quality of life" issues in communities through working to narrow the gap between the most disadvantaged neighborhoods and the rest of society. In this policy debate often an areabased approach, integrating horizontal policies, with sustainable perspectives, collaborative inhabitants, is advocated. The aim of this analytical review is to establish the dimensions and components of urban community regeneration, its substantial principles, and supporting policies with an eye on social sustainability, and its conceptual framework. In line with its goals, this policy study is a library and document research involving content analysis of theoretical texts. Furthermore, drawing on the Delphi method and based on a conceptual model, an analysis concerned with community regeneration was carried out assuming a social sustainability approach.Also, the opinion of experts rating 4 aspects and 21 factors derived from theoretical principles were used to finalize the community regeneration model.The findings are suggesting that the principles extracted from an initial literature review comprised social participation, social capital, social composition, social coherence, sustainable policy (governance), welfare and quality of life, the environment, services and housing, preserving the identity and cultural heritage, security and wellbeing, being community-based, and equal access (to housing, services, open spaces, jobs, resources, etc.) can be classified into four groups (sustainable environment and space, sustainable community, sustainable economy, and governance). Of the 21 factors identified through the literature review, and according to the experts’ opinions, the sense of belonging, sustainable transportation, and information systems are the essential criteria, whereas the remaining ones except resilience received an acceptable score in the hierarchy of the criteria. Based on the nine principles extracted in this study, a conceptual model was presented in whose aspects the factors feature a significant order. At the conclusion this article presented, 32 supporting policies which can be used in the process of neighborhood regeneration in order to improve social sustainability. Concurrent attention to these strategies as a balanced set of issues is important. Because the fulfillment of each policy without considering the others will complicate the situation of the declined neighborhood and its local community. Moreover involvement of local communities during the process, is the key success point of the neighborhood regeneration programs.
- انتشار مقاله: 06-11-1396
- نویسندگان: ماندانا ملک,علیرضا عندلیب,زهرا سادات سعیده زرآبادی,حمید ماجدی
- مشاهده