چکیده:
ادراک متفاوت از محرک های مشابه می توان نتیجه ی در آمیختن عوامل متعددی باشد.در ادراک یک بنای معماری عناصر تشکیل دهنده ی فرم بنا در زمره ی عوامل محیطی تاثیرگذار است به گونه ای که میتوان تاثیر این عناصر بر کاربران را پیش بینی و سبب افزایش ویا کاهش کاربران یک بنا شد.در این پژوهش عوامل موثر بر ادراک بصری افراد نسبت به کاربرد فرم در طراحی معماری امروز با تکیه بر نظرات آرنهایم، اداندیس و گروتر دسته بندی شده و محرک های بصری فرمی با توجه به نظرات دونیس اداندیس در چهار جدول باعناوین تنش،ویژگی های کالبدی،وزن و پویایی آورده که زیرمجموعه ی هر یک از عوامل شناسایی و به روش ahp توسط بیست خبره در زمینه ی طراحی معماری مقایسه گردید که ویژگی های کالبدی نسبت به دیگر عوامل مهم تر تشخیص داده شد و عواملی چون پویایی تنش و وزن در جایگاه بعدی اهمیت قرار گرفتند.
چکیده انگلیسی:
Observer’s perceive of architecture is used in many fields. Because much of our perception and understanding of the environment is based on visual stimulus, therefor an expert design should be based on visual stimulus too. Moreover, visual communication is to be used for strengthening, intensifying, and consolidation of other senses as well, otherwise the aforementioned design will result in poor perception of the environment. In discussing of the perceptions, the worring issue is that despite of the fact that perception system is same for every individual, but that individual has different perception of his/her environment. Perception can be different from similar stimuli and combined with different factors and one factor alone can't determine perceptions. Environmental data in all of conditions and positions are not available. Sensory effect actually is the effect of a form on individuals and it follows different factors, but visual effect belongs to the individual and it doesn't follow any factor and it can have different effects on the individuals. Perception of environment is a function of the ability to receive sensory receptors in which is a function of effective environmental conditions on events such as light, temperature, humidity , pressure, noise,odor and ... . Also personal and social features play significant role in human perceptions. Relationship between individual and environment is formed in different levels such as individual level (feeling, perceptions, values, inner experience and...) and social levels (larger units like different community groups or groups that are similar in age and gender. If sensory stimuli are opposed to each other, they will become confusing and disturbing. The sensory effect like perception deponds on state of body. Because this effect is covered in the individual body, it will follow the personal, biography and social intermediaries. Moreover, the visual effect is a force transmitted and directed by individual and it's quality deponds on individual characteristics. Different proportions range creates a variety of interpretations. Slender, thin and long forms show charm and elegance, while round forms show warmth and comfort. The forms tilted into the inside show aggression or curiosity, while forms tilted out show fear and anxiety. The relationship between basic forms and basic emotions are one of key points of design that embodies dilectical definition of emotions. In this research, factors affecting the visual perceptions of individuals with emphsis on the new approaches and the application of the form in today's architecture design is based on Rudolf Arnheim views on visual perceptions and criticized by the pair comparison method. These factors included tension (complexity and contradiction), physical characteristics,weight (reducing of the mass) and dynamics. Questionnaires were prepared on the basis of paired comparisons to determine the superiority of each of parts. collected data was analyzed using AHP on 50 questionnaires to determine the mean of superiority of each of the factors over other. In addition, in order to determine overall value of each factor, the sum of value of superiority of one part over other parts was calculated and mean was determined. Keywords:Visual perception, architectural, AHP, Human.
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