چکیده:
این پژوهش با رویکرد نظری و روشی نو، به موضوع شبکه اجتماعی همسرگزینی و تأثیر آن بر رضایت از زندگی زناشویی در بین مردان متأهل شهر مشهد پرداخته است. تحقیق حاضر در سطح شبکههای خود- محور انجام شده است. جامعه آماری این تحقیق، مردان متأهل شهر مشهد و حجم نمونه این تحقیق 180 نفر است که با استفاده از روش نمونهگیری خوشهای- طبقهای، از سه منطقه بالا، متوسط و پایین شهر مشهد انتخاب شدهاند. روش تحقیق، پیمایش و ابزار جمعآوری دادهها، مصاحبه بوده است. دادههای این تحقیق مشتمل بر دادههای رابطهای و غیررابطهای است؛ به این صورت که دادههای مربوط به متغیرهای مستقل و میانجی این تحقیق از نوع رابطهای و دادههای مربوط به متغیرهای وابسته و کنترل این تحقیق از نوع دادههای غیر رابطهای یا انتسابی بوده است. یافتهها نشان میدهد که اندازه شبکه همسرگزینی و تنوع شبکه همسر گزینی از حیث پایگاه اجتماعی – اقتصادی تأثیر مثبت و معنیداری بر میزان حمایت اجتماعی شبکه از فرد دارد و حمایت اجتماعی شبکه، بر رضایت فرد از زندگی زناشویی تأثیر مثبت و معنیداری دارد. مردان متأهل به طور متوسط شامل 2 نفر میشوند و از نظر ترکیب شبکه بیش از 80 درصد اعضای شبکه همسرگزینی، با فرد نسبت خویشاوندی داشتهاند. یافتهها نشان داد که اندازه شبکه همسرگزینی و تنوع شبکه همسرگزینی از حیث پایگاه اجتماعی- اقتصادی تأثیر مثبت و معنیداری بر میزان حمایت اجتماعی شبکه از فرد دارد و حمایت اجتماعی شبکه، بر رضایت فرد از زندگی زناشویی تأثیر مثبت و معنی داری دارد.
چکیده انگلیسی:
In general, the model of decision making is discussed in the economic field. This model includes a five-step process that leads to a purchase. These steps include identifying the problem, seeking, evaluation of alternatives, selection and evaluation after the acquisition. Following the economic model of decision making, Mate selection can also be considered as a process. But for adapting the model of mate selection with the economic model of decision making, some theoretical modifications and adjustments has been done. Therefore, the mate selection process can be divided into three steps: 1- Seeking the potential partner 2- Searching information about a potential partner, and 3-Final decision and consultation about this decision. Sociology has been long faced with this problem that how can examine empirically the relationships between entities at different levels of society. In response to this problem, for the first time in 1940, the concept of “social network” was introduced by Radcliffe Brown in anthropology. The researchers have used the concept of “social network” as a metaphor to describe a complex set of relationships between people. There are several and almost similar definitions of the concept of “social network” that generally includes following points: 1-Social network includes social relations and social actors. 2- Social network is a set of social relations among the social actors. There are various types of social relations. Social actors can also be individuals, groups, and organizations. 3- In the network literature, “Tie” or “link” is the “social relation” and “node” is the “social actor”. Based on the points provided above and the subject of mate selection, the social network of mate selection is defined as “A set of social relations among the social actors who involve and play a role in the mate selection process including seeking the partner (introducing), Searching information about a partner (inquiry) and consulting with person about the final decision for marring with the target potential mate”. According to the Network theorists, social networks have different characteristics. One of the major categories of network characteristics has been carried out by Israel and Randers. According to him, these characteristics include structural characteristics of network (including size, diversity and composition of the network) and functional characteristics of network (social support). The following have been described each of these characteristics and its relationships to the subject of this research. Network size is the total number of people with whom one is connected or the total number of people who provide many different types of support for him. The larger the network size of mate selection, the person (respondent or “ego” in this study) will receive more support during the marital life. Since the chance of social support receiving from the network members of mate selection increases through the increasing the number of network members. The larger the network size of network, the chance of receiving support from one person among the set of persons increases. Network composition is determined by the percentage of certain relationships within the network; Percentage of relatives, friends, neighbors and colleagues. The more the ratio of relatives’ relations in the social network of mate selection, because of the social support that they provide for individuals throughout life, Leads to a more satisfaction in marital life. Network diversity is referred to the difference or similarity of network members with each other and central person (“ego”) according to the attributes such as sexuality, age, education and etc. The more the diversity in the social network of mate selection, because of the social support that provided for individuals throughout life, Leads to a more satisfaction in marital life. 1- The larger the network size of network, the chance of receiving support from one person among the set of persons increases. 2- The more the ratio of relatives’ relationships in the social network of mate selection, because of the social support that they provide for individuals throughout life, Leads to a more satisfaction in marital life. 3- The more the diversity in the social network of mate selection, because of the social support that provided for individuals throughout life, Leads to a more satisfaction in marital life.
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